选择知识点

The news spread quickly through the campus ___________ we would have a longer holiday, __________ made all the students wild with joy.

  

Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it’s painful ? This might be called laziness , but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation . He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle .

During the hours when you labour through your work , you may say that you’re “hot”. That’s true . The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak . For some people that peak comes during the forenoon . For others it comes in the afternoon or evening . No one has discovered why this is so , but it leads to such familiar monologues （自言自语）as “Get up , John ! You’ll be late for work again !” The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature—and —energy peak in the evening . Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean , and which cycle each member of the family has .

You can’t change your energy cycle , but you can make your life fit it better . Habit can help . Dr . Kleitman believes . Maybe you’re sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway . Counteract （打乱）your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to . If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day , rise before your usual hour . This won’t change your cycle , but you’ll get up steam and work better at your low point .

Get off to a slow start which saves your energy . Get up with a yawn （呵欠）and stretch . Sit on the edge of the  bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor . Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before . Whenever possible , do routine （常规的）work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours .

(1) Which of the following causes family quarrels ?

     

A. Not knowing each other’s energy cycle .

B. Familiar monologues .

C. A change in a family member’s energy cycle .

D. Attempts to control the energy of other family members

(2) If you want to work better at your low point in the morning ,you  should        .

     

A. change your energy cycle

B. overcome your laziness

C. get up early than usual

D. go to bed earlier

(3) You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will         .

     

A. help to keep your energy for the day’s work

B. help you to control your temper early in the day

C. enable you to get your energy on your routine work

D. keep your energy cycle under control all day

(4) What’s the best title of the passage ?

     

A. Change Your Habits

B. Save Your Energy

C. Daily Energy Cycle

D. Temperature—and—Energy Peak

Travelling by bicycle is a very popular means of transportation throughout China. China has a huge population, and it is said that there is at least one bicycle for every two people within the company. Of course, many people in China ride bicycles purely for sport or exercise, but it’s also a much commonly accepted means of everyday transportation, as compared to countries such as the United States.

If you are living for a long period of time in China, chances are you will want to purchase your own bicycle so that you can use it whenever you want for transportation or just for the enjoyment of riding. Even if you don’t use a bicycle for everyday transportation, owning one can be a great way of enjoying some of the trails in the rural areas, just for fun. However, if you are just visiting China, renting a bicycle can be a more convenient choice.

It is important to choose the correct bicycle for your use. You’ll find that in China, the one-speed style of bicycle is extremely popular. These bicycles are great if you want to ride around in the city to see the sights. They are quite comfortable and easy to ride. You can often rent a bicycle for an entire day for around $ 15.

However, if you wish to ride on some of the rural paths, a mountain bike style would be a better choice. They are great for different kinds of road surfaces, providing for a safer ride. If you are planning to have a desire to tour and still be able to carry packages with you, then a touring bike would be the best choice. These are generally the most expensive to rent, but are extremely handy for carrying packages and even some of your luggage along with you.

(1) If you are travelling in Beijing you’d better ________.

A. buy a bike

B. borrow a bike

C. steal a bike

D. rent a bike

(2) Which of the following is the advantage of the one-speed bicycle?

A. It is worth at least 15 dollars

B. You can’t ride it in the countryside

C. It is easy for you to travel in the city

D. You have to return in the next day

(3) You would like to own a touring bike probably because ________.

A. you have to ride on the road in the countryside

B. you have some packages to carry while travelling

C. you want to enjoy the sights in the big cities

D. it is suitable for all kinds of road surfaces

(4) What can we learn from this text?

A. Chinese people like bicycles best.

B. Bicycles are much cheaper than before

C. Most people would like to travel by bike

D. It is good for you to buy or rent a bicycle in China.

Christmas in the United States is traditionally a time of gift-giving and family gatherings. But small towns across the country have their own traditionsMiddleburg, a small town in the state of Virginia, is known for its horses. For more than 50 years, Middleburg has organized a yearly Christmas parade (游行). Men and women ride horses through the woods and fields. They follow hunting dogs as they search for a wild fox. But first, these hunters ride in the yearly parade, wearing their bright red hunting clothes and hats.John Hale, a citizen of Middleburg says many city people visit his town. “We have a lot of people from an urban area that come to visit, but it incorporates a lot of the old traditions.” The nighttime hayride is one such tradition. Small groups gather under the moonlight on an open wagon filled with hay. The passengers sing as farm horses pull the wagon slowly across the fields.
There are some newer traditions, too. Trey Matheu works at the nearby Salamander Resort. He says a visit to Middleburg is a chance to slow down for a day. He says Middleburg can be a calming, peaceful place without tension.“ Middleburg is an opportunity to take a step back, to take a deep breath, and to understand that even though life is moving on at a very fast pace, there’s really an opportunity where you’re allowed to step off for a little bit.”Parade organizers say more than 13,000 people attend even in below-freezing weather. But if you ask, you will hear many different reasons why people come to watch the parade:“I come here because I’m from a small town. I like how everybody comes together.”“I live right down that street, right there. And that’s my dog.”Middleburg looks its best at Christmastime. That may be why so many people return each year.

(1) Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Middleburg Christmas parade

B. A small town known for horses

C. Christmas traditions in Middleburg

D. Newer traditions at Christmastime

(2) At Christmas, people in Middleburg usually _______.

A. visit friends and families

B. feed farm horses with hay

C. hunt for dogs in the woods

D. ride in the yearly parade

(3) According to Trey Matheu, why do people visit Middleburg?

A. To relax themselves

B. To enjoy the fresh air

C. To escape competition

D. To challenge themselves

(4) What do we know about the small town Middleburg?

A. It makes a large profit from tourism

B. It attracts many people each year

C. It is a good place for family gatherings

D. It doesn’t respect Christmas traditions

—The windows must have taken you quite a lot of time that day.

—You are right. They ______ for weeks.

     

_______ available, many people would have died from sickness or even small wounds.

It seems that people are gradually losing their smartness as smartphones become increasingly important assistants in their lives. As we rely too much on technology instead of our brains, many people have lost three basic abilities.

The first skill many people have lost is remembering phone numbers. Because phone numbers are stored in smartphone contacts, there’s now no need to dial a number or look at it again. This is fine until you need to call someone for help, only to find your phone is not around.

And some people may also have lost their sense of direction because some apps can guide people anywhere they want. People get so dependent on them that when they can’t use their smartphones, they get lost and anxious.

But the worst lost skills may be social ones, meaning that some people are becoming socially inept (无能的). People often bury themselves in their smartphones. As we’re too absent-minded by what’s happening in the virtual (虚拟的) some of us have lost conversational skills and sometimes can’t even tell whether a person is happy or not.

Last August, researchers at the University of California, Los Angeles, studied 51 students aged 11 and 12 who had over five hours’ screen time every day. Their task was to tell the emotions of 48 pictures of faces that were happy, sad, angry or scared.

The children made an average of 14.02 mistakes at the beginning. But after a five-day camp without electronic (电子的) products, they made only 9.41 mistakes on average.

Luckily, people still have a chance to get these abilities back. You should try to keep your parents’ numbers in mind for emergencies. You should also pay more attention to street signs and stores, which will help you to draw a mind map and stop you from getting lost. And the easiest solution to social skill loss is to take a break from electronic products.

(1) The underlined sentence in the second paragraph implies that ______.

A. you are able to turn to others for help

B. others are able to call you anytime and anywhere

C. others are unable to get in touch with you by smartphone

D. you are unable to contact others without your smartphone

(2) The experiment shows that without electronic products, one could ______.

A. recognize more facial expressions correctly

B. lose the sense of direction frequently

C. tell different emotions immediately

D. tell more pictures of faces easily

(3) Overusing smartphones, people will probably ______

A. have no sense of numbers

B. fail to find their destination

C. lose face-to-face communication skills

D. weaken their senses of hearing and sight

(4) What’s the writer’s attitude towards electronic products?

A. Objective.	B. Critical.
C. Supportive.	D. Optimistic.

The teacher suggested those found 　　　　 in exams should be punished.

  

    I know what you’re thinking: Hamburger for breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night’s leftovers in the morning if you want to.

      I know lots of women who stop eating breakfast, and they have a lot of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don’t have time, others think they’re saving calories and others just don’t like breakfast food.

     But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you’re trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking, who developed the Super-easy Eating Plan for this year’s “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even hamburger can be healthy if it’s loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece.

     Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers(不吃早餐的) have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.

      So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night’s leftovers. It may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow,” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it! You may save yourself some pre-bedtime calories. And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects.

(1) The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means__________.

A. meals made of vegetables

B. things left undone

C. food remaining after meal

D. pizza topped with fruit

(2) What can we infer from the text?

A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry.

B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast.

C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal.

D. Eating vegetables helps save energy.

(3) According to the last paragraph, it is important to____________.

A. eat calorie-controlled food

B. be careful about what you eat

C. heat up food before eating it

D. eat something for breakfast

(4) The text is written mainly for those_____________.

A. who want to lose weight

B. who go to work early

C. who stay up late

D. who eat before sleep

     At the end of 2014, Tulsa, Oklahoma, sixth-grade teacher Melissa Bour received a friend request on Facebook from one of her students. She didn’t accept the request, but after a quick look through the girl’s friends list, she saw the names of dozens of kids from her classroom. Many of the student’s Facebook pages were completely public, meaning even strangers could search through the kid’s personal photos and messages.

  “I saw students dressed improperly and dirty language,” Melissa says. When she brought up her discovery in class, the students were unfazed. So she created a post of her own.

She wrote a letter on her Facebook page, “Dear Facebook: My 12-year-old students think it is ‘no big deal’ that they are posting pictures of themselves...Please help me...show them how quickly their pictures can get around.”

       In hours, it was shared 108,000 times across dozens of states and four countries. She deleted（删除）it after eight hours, but it continued to get around. “I wanted to show them that it’s on the Internet forever,” she says.

      As she explained the results of her experiment in class, the student’s eyes got bigger and bigger. “It scared（使恐惧）a few of them into deleting their pages completely,” she says. “Others have deleted improper posts and used privacy settings to manage their pages.”

      Her purpose wasn’t to scare them off social media（社交媒体）but to push them to be mindful of what they post. Melissa says, “I tell them, ‘Just because everyone else is sharing doesn’t mean you have to.’”

(1) What did Melissa discover?

A. It was hard to turn down a friend request.

B. There were so many friend requests on Facebook.

C. Few students made their Facebook private.

D. Many of her students behaved badly on the Internet.

(2) The underlined word “unfazed” in Paragraph 2 means    ？

A. bored

B. excited

C. not satisfied

D. not worried

(3) Melissa’s experiment taught her students to    .

A. watch out for what they put online

B. better manage their time used on Facebook

C. learn about the disadvantages of social media

D. understand the importance of privacy settings