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Urban rewilding projects are attracting nature back into our cities,from creating city butterfly grasslands to building unlikely homes for deadly birds. The middle of London's busy West End doesn't seem like the likeliest location for one of the UK's rarest birds. There are only approximately 20-40 breeding pairs of black redstarts in the country. But in recent years, without being artificially introduced into the area, this rare bird has started to make a home in this crowded part of Central London.
The black redstart isn't the only unexpected species of wildlife to start living in urban landscapes. Moths,butterflies, woodpeckers and even serotine bats, more commonly found in the countryside, have also been on the rise in this part of London. These changes are the result of increasing efforts to transform urban areas from wildlife dead-spots into attractive, practical homes for nature alongside citizens. One new initiative is even trying to get offices to keep bees.
Urban rewilding initiatives often have multiple levels of benefit-greener spaces not only make people happier, but they also help solve water drainage（排水）problems and prevent flooding,as well as providing a home for bees and other animals. But perhaps one of their most valuable features is to make us feel more connected with nature and be more aware of our relationship with the environment.
The long game is not just to build green compromises into existing city areas, but to shift what development looks like in a city. Until recent years, urbanisation has meant turning green areas grey with the concrete,asphalt and glass of traditional buildings. That transformation has unsurprisingly ended up being bad for our mental well-being, physical health, environment, ecosystems and wildlife.
Rewilding is one way to completely change that process： prioritizing（按重要性排列）plants and animals first, and paving the way for the benefits to our health, well-being and the urban environment that follow.



Why are black redstarts referred to in Paragraph 1？ ______

A. To stress the importance of rare birds.
B. To show urban rewilding has paid off.
C. To suggest their love for living downtown.
D. To prove man lives in harmony with nature.

What can be learnt about serotine bats？ ______

A. Their homes have completely changed.
B. People build more homes for them.
C. Their population is increasing in cities.
D. They are uncommon in urban areas.

What is the author's attitude to urbanization？ ______

A. Critical.
B. Approving.
C. Ambiguous.
D. Objective.

What is the best title for the text？ ______

A. Wildlife Is Coming Back to Cities.
B. Urban Rewilding Benefits Both Man and Wildlife.
C. Man Is Making Efforts to Project Wild Animals.
D. We Need More Urban Rewilding Projects for Nature.

Plastic baby bottles shed microplastics when heated. Should you be worried about its side-effects？ We still don't have enough evidence of health risks posed by microplastic consumptions by infants or adults.
"The last thing we want to do is unduly alarm parents," said John Boland, a professor at Trinity College Dublin in Ireland and one of the authors of the Nature Food study. While the health effects of microplastics are still unknown, parents can significantly reduce their infants' exposure by adding some steps to their bottle preparation routine,Boland said. He recommends letting plastic bottles cool completely after sterilization（消毒）in hot water, then washing them out at least three times with water that's been allowed to cool to room temperature after being sterilized by boiling. Researchers here also found that plastic tea kettles, plastic instant noodle cups and plastic food storage containers all released similarly high levels of microplastics when subjected to heat.
As for what those microplastics may be doing in our bodies, the evidence so far is quite limited and unclear. Schwabl, another professor, said that points to a need for more research into microplastics released from plastic food storage containers, especially when they are subjected to higher temperatures. He noted some research has found microplastics can cause inflammation（发炎） in the organs, while other studies show they do not harm,"The threshold at which they cause problems has not been determined for humans," Schwabl said. For now, Schwabl agrees we shouldn't panic. He's avoiding plastic containers in his daily life - "not so much that I am afraid of the ingestion （吸收），but I think thereby I may be contributing to reducing the amount of plastic waste" that makes its way into the environment.
At the moment, there is no need to be afraid, but it is an open .question and definitely an unmet need.



What does the underlined word "unduly" mean in paragraph 2？ ______

A. Properly.
B. Extremely.
C. Obviously.
D. Specially.

Which factor counts in the release of microplastics？ ______

A. Temperature.
B. Products.
C. Time.
D. Containers.

What's Schwabl's attitude towards microplastics？ ______

A. Panic.
B. Caring.
C. Indifference.
D. Critical.

How is the passage developed？ ______

A. By providing the examples.
B. By reasoning the readers.
C. By analyzing the figures.
D. By comparing the findings.

Recently Meituan co-published a proposal with a number of business organizations,including the China General Chamber of Commerce and China Cuisine Association, calling on restaurants to stop food waste and help cultivate new eating habits for customers. "Restaurants should innovate means of publicity using official accounts on social media and live-streaming to promote and advocate food-saving actions," the proposal said.
Meituan and the organizations are advocating that merchants offer guidance for consumers,including reminding them during the ordering process about the taste of the ingredients, portion sizes and other information about the dishes, to help them avoid food waste due to misleading information.
Catering（餐饮）associations in more than 18 provinces have also joined the campaign to eliminate food waste. The China Cuisine Association announced that it had teamed up with Eleme, the Alibaba Group Holding-owned food delivery platform, to launch a "half-dish plan"， encouraging restaurants to provide customers with the option to order smaller portions. The Wuhan Catering Association proposed an "N-l" ordering code for restaurants in which a group of 10 diners would only order enough for nine people. More food is only brought to the table if required.
To curb portrayals of food waste on social media platforms,popular Chinese video platforms such as Douyin and Kuaishou have stepped up content reviews of food-related live streams and implemented regulation of online eating shows. Now if users search certain keywords,such as "eating show" or "competitive eaters"，a cautionary message pops up to remind them to cherish food and maintain a reasonable diet.



Why did Meituan start such a proposal？ ______

A. To popularize itself.
B. To save itself.
C. To mislead the public.
D. To prevent food waste.

What can be inferred from the passage？ ______

A. Wuhan Catering Association's proposal was a good practice.
B. "half-dish plan, functioned better than "N-l" ordering code.
C. Meituan met with some management challenges.
D. Customers are required to order smaller portions.

Which of the following is true？ ______

A. Meituan releases some misleading food information.
B. More food is welcome when we treat our dear friends.
C. Few organizations realized the importance of food waste.
D. Online eating shows are monitored via media platforms.

How many good means of avoiding food waste are mentioned here？ ______

A. None.
B. Two.
C. Three.
D. Five.

About 12 million tons of plastic wastes are entering the oceans every year. This garbage pollutes the water, kills wildlife and breaks down into small pieces that fish and other creatures eat.
Now a group of Spanish fishermen will receive economic support to catch plastics. It is part of a new project. Carlos Martin is one of the fishermen taking part in the project. He and his partners collect the plastic in the ocean and bring it back to land every week. Martin thinks rivers carry a lot of plastics to the sea. He says his most concern is no more than that the plastics often get caught in the nets, which makes nets not work properly. They take on mud（泥）， causing the nets to break because they weigh so much.
Under the new programs, one million pounds will support ocean cleanup efforts for fishermen like Martin. The money is coming from the European Union and the Catalan government. Sergi Tudela, the General Director of Catalonia Fisheries, is responsible for the cleanup project. He said, "We are hopeful that if we are successful in this project, we can apply it to other areas in the Mediterranean（地中海）."
Government reports show that the amount of plastic wastes washing up along the Spanish coastline has grown by 65 percent in just six years. Fishing equipment makes up a large part of the about 8 to 12 million tons of plastics left in the world's oceans every year.
Martin says the fishing community now understands how big the problem is. He says,"In the past we didn't see it that way. We took the plastic garbage and threw it back into the water. I think that after a few year here we have realized the problem. Nothing is thrown into the water； we collect everything and bring it to shore."



What worries Martin most about plastic wastes at the beginning？ ______

A. They pollute the sea environment.
B. They affect the quality and taste of fish.
C. They prevent the fishing nets from working well.
D. They kill wildlife and reduce his fishing amount.

What does Sergi Tudela probably consider doing？ ______

A. Getting more money to support the project.
B. Getting help from other European countries.
C. Spreading the cleanup project to more places.
D. Praising the European Union for their helping to the oceans.

What do Martin's words in the last paragraph imply（暗示）about the fishing community？ ______

A. Its members do a lot of work for free.
B. It has stopped using plastic fishing equipment.
C. It has made positive changes to fight plastic wastes.
D. Its members find people sill throw the garbage carelessly.

What would be the best title for the text？ ______

A. New programs are changing fishermen's life
B. Money is given to Spanish fishermen to clean up oceans
C. Traditional fishing equipment causes a lot of plastic wastes
D. Spanish fishermen are encouraging people to clean up oceans

The prevalence of melanoma（黑素瘤）has been rapidly rising around the world for nearly a century. While some of the increase may be due to better detection, researchers also believe it's because we're spending more time outdoors in the sun, vacationing to warmer climates during the winter and using tanning beds. That rise is concerning, since melanoma is the most dangerous kind of skin cancer.
Most of us know to cover up and apply sunscreen on hot, sunny days, but when fall arrives, we tend to drop those habits. Experts warn that's a mistake. Though there's less need for sun protection after summer ends, exposure to UV rays still adds up.
What precautions you should take to defend against melanoma during the cooler months depends on where you are in the world. That's because the further away you are from the equator, the more UV rays weaken in the winter. "In southern England or Canada,the daily dose of UVA on a clear summer day is 6.5 times higher than on a clear winter day," says Professor Brian Diffey of the British Association of Dermatologists. "People in those countries typically receive only about 5% of their annual UV exposure in the winter months."
But no matter where you are, even during colder, lower risk months, it's a mistake to put your sun-protection habits on ice. "It's important to wear sun-screen when there is a lot of glare from the snow," says Victoria Mar, director of the Victorian Melanoma Service at Alfred Hospital in Melbourne, Australia.
Finally, you should monitor your moles（痣）. "Early detection of melanoma is vital for successful treatment," says Diffey. If it's caught before it spreads to other parts of the body, the patient will have 99% of chance to survive for five years. If it's caught late,that can drop to 25%. Warning signs are a mole that's changing size, shape or colour, or one that's asymmetrical-sometimes referred to as "ugly duckling" moles. If you have concerns, talk to your doctor.



What's the main cause of the rise of melanoma？ ______

A. The climate change.
B. Better detection.
C. More exposure to the sun.
D. The increase of skin cancer.

What's a mistake according to experts？ ______

A. Applying sunscreen in summer.
B. Wearing sun-screen when there is snow.
C. Using sunscreen during lower risk months.
D. Dropping sun-protection habits in winter.

What can we learn from the last paragraph？ ______

A. Prevention is better than cure.
B. Health is better than wealth.
C. A disease known is half cured.
D. When the sun comes in, the doctor comes out.

What is the best title of the text？ ______

A. Detect Melanoma.
B. Beware Winter Rays.
C. Monitor Your Moles.
D. Spend Less Time Outdoors.

Voters in Colorado narrowly approved an initiative（计划），setting the stage for the return of gray wolves, which were wiped out in this area by the 1940s. This is the first time that a state has reintroduced an animal like this.
The Colorado Parks and Wildlife department will lead the effort to establish a sustainable population of gray wolves in the western part of the state,beginning in 2022 or 2023. The Southern Rocky Mountains,where there used to be a lot of them, contain millions of acres of suitable habitat that could support several hundred wolves or more, biologists say.
However, some say it's unwise to leave the question to voters. "State biologists have previously declined to introduce wolves. There's a reason it's never been done before." says Shawn Martini,spokesperson for Coloradans for Protecting Wildlife, noting that most supporters are from urban areas and they don't have to live alongside the animal, unlike people living in the countryside. Farmers and hunters don't favor the initiative, either. Farmers worry wolves will kill their cattle while hunters worry they will lose elk（驼鹿）to the predators.
On the other hand,according to Jonathan Proctor,a conservationist with the Defenders of Wildlife,reintroducing wolves will restore Colorado's natural balance. They help thin out sick animals, maintaining healthy populations of deer and elk. The remains of wolf kills also provide food for "eaters of the dead"， including wolverines, eagles, and bears. He also emphasizes the experience of living with wolves in other places,like the Northern Rockies, has shown that wolves are not the threat people sometimes make them out to be. Reintroduction program biologists promise to make it a priority to work with people living alongside wolves, providing training and resources to keep the wolves out of the farms in the first place. And a program will be funded to pay farmers for their lost cattle.



What can we learn about the Southern Rocky Mountains from the text？ ______

A. They are heavily populated.
B. They were inhabited by wolves.
C. They are in the east of Colorado.
D. They are home to small animals.

What's Shawn Martini's opinion about the return of the gray wolves？ ______

A. It's unfair to make it happen by voting.
B. It's welcomed by urban and rural people.
C. State biologists shouldn't have opposed it.
D. The wolves should be put somewhere else.

What will the program biologists probably do first？ ______

A. Buy more cattle.
B. Reach out to the locals.
C. Relocate the wolves.
D. Clear the site for wolves.

What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______

A. Wolves are Coming Home.
B. No Worries about Wolves.
C. Always Vote for What is Right.
D. Wolves Help Local Ecosystem.

More than half the world's population live in cities,and by 2050 the UN expects that proportion to reach 68%. This means more homes, roads and other infrastructure. In India alone, a city the size of Chicago will have to be developed every year to meet demand for housing. Such a construction increase is a bad sign for dealing with climate change, because making steel and concrete, two of the most common building materials, generates around 8% of the world's CO2 emissions （排放）. If cities are to expand and become greener at the same time, they will have to be made from something else.
Wood is one of the most promising sustainable （可持续的）alternatives to steel and concrete. It is not,however, everyday wood that is attracting the interest of architects.
Rather, it is a material called engineered timber. This is a combination of different layers, each designed to meet the requirements of specific parts such as floors, panels and beams（横梁）. Designers can use it to provide levels of strength like steel, in a product that is up to 80% lighter. In addition, engineered timber is usually made into large sections in a factory for future use, which reduces the number of deliveries to a construction site.
According to Michael Ramage of the University of Cambridge,a wooden building produces 75% less CO2 than a steel and concrete one of the same size. However,if building with wood takes off， it does raise concern about there being enough trees to go round. But with sustainably managed forests that should not be a problem, says Dr Ramage. A family-sized apartment requires about 30 cubic metres of timber,and he estimates Europe's sustainable forests alone grow that amount every seven seconds. Nor is fire a risk, for engineered timber does not burn easily. Besides, fireproofing layers can be added to the timber. All in all, then, it looks as if wood as a building material may get a new lease of life.



Why is India mentioned in paragraph 1？ ______

A. To point out the severe pollution.
B. To predict the population increase.
C. To indicate the high degree of urbanization.
D. To show the great need for building materials.

What can be learned about engineered timber？ ______

A. It is produced at a low cost.
B. It hardly appeals to architects.
C. It helps save energy in transportation.
D. It possesses greater strength than steel.

What does the underlined phrase "takes off" in the last paragraph mean？ ______

A. Becomes cheaper.
B. Gains popularity.
C. Requires less work.
D. Proves sustainable.

What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______

A. Making Future Cities More Attractive
B. Living in a World with Less Emission
C. Building Sustainable Cities with Woods
D. Growing More Trees for Future Building

Imagine possessing something that you loved so much. Imagine what it would feel like if you lost it. While that item may be something as simple as a toy, you would still feel very upset, but you could replace it with a new one. Now imagine losing something that you depend on for survival and cannot be replaced. That is what it would be like if we lost the natural environment around us.
Firstly,I believe the environment should be protected because it supports human life. One of the largest examples is that we get all of our food and drinks from the environment. If the environment were to be destroyed beyond revival， then the human race would be over in months. Scientists have to find another planet with similar conditions to the Earth, and if it's found, we don't have the technology to get to that planet in time.
Secondly, I believe that the environment serves as an amazing educational tool for students. When I was in second grade, I had an absolute interest in animals. When we had a field trip to the Daggerwing Nature Center, I was very excited. When we got there, I could hardly believe what I was seeing. There was a bridge to get to the main building, and under the bridge was a small swamp （沼泽） with turtles, fish, and my personal favorite, alligators. I was so surprised that I almost ran into the tour guide. We walked into the building and saw various animals in their habitats. I was so inspired by this visit. Six years later,I have taken an animal behavior class for three weeks. Meeting by chance with the environment can inspire people,and if preserved, it will continue to inspire people.
In conclusion, the environment is so valuable because it can't be replaced, keeps us alive, and serves as a great educational tool.



The first paragraph leads to the theme of the text by ______ .

A. describing a process.
B. presenting differences.
C. analyzing causes.
D. showing similarities.

The underlined word " revival" in paragraph 2 refers to ______ .

A. health.
B. recovery.
C. range.
D. survival.

What's the function of paragraph 3？ ______

A. To express the writer's absolute interest in animals.
B. To introduce the Daggerwing Nature Centers scenery.
C. To show the environment can inspire and educate people.
D. To prove the subject he has chosen is promising.

Which of the following can be the best title for the text？ ______

A. Why the Environment Is So Important？
B. Which Planet Can Replace the Earth？
C. How People Should Protect the Environment？
D. What People Can Do to Stop Pollution？

Smoking in your own home in Thailand may now be considered a crime,if the smoke is considered harmful to other people in the house.
The new law, Family Protection and Development Promotion Act, was initiated （启动） by the Ministry of Social Development and Human Security and was announced in the Royal Gazette on May 22， 2019. The law aims at limiting smoking at home which might be hazardous for others' health living under the same roof. In that case, it will be considered as "domestic violence". The new law came into force on August 20.
According to the center for research and knowledge management for tobacco control, at the Faculty of Medical Science of Mahidol University, there are about 4.9 million households where one or more family members smoke. An average of 10.3 million people have unconsciously become passive smokers because they've been breathing in smoke at home. Scientific studies show that passive smokers are at greater risk of being affected by cancer.
Of 75 child patients from houses where smoking is practiced,76% of them were found to have nicotine traces in their urine（尿液），with 43% of them having nicotine content going beyond permitted levels. Smoking at home also may lead to physical or emotional violence because of aggressiveness（攻击性）when there is a lack of smoking, and might as well ruin relationships between smokers and non-smoker family members.
According to the new law,anyone who thinks they are affected by domestic smoking can report to officials concerned so that inspectors will be sent to investigate and take legal action against the smokers. Once confirmed, the court may order a person to receive treatment to quit smoking in an attempt to protect the person's family. In February in 2019， Thailand had banned smoking at six of its airports along with a ban in public places.



What do we know about the new law in Thailand？ ______

A. It came into effect on May 22.
B. It aimed at protecting the health of non-smokers.
C. It regarded smoking at home as a kind of domestic violence.
D. It clearly claimed that smoking at home is a crime.

What does the underlined word "hazardous" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______

A. Anxious.
B. Harmful.
C. Beneficial.
D. Essential.

What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？ ______

A. The purpose of initiating the law.
B. Responses to the new law.
C. Actions to quit smoking.
D. Bad consequences of smoking at home.

What can be inferred from the text？ ______

A. Smoking is illegal anywhere in Thailand.
B. Passive smokers are not likely to suffer from cancer.
C. People tend to be more aggressive when they are smoking.
D. Thailand is making efforts to create a smoke-free environment.

Growing up in Taiwan as the daughter of a calligrapher（书法家），one of my most treasured memories was my mother showing me the beauty, the shape and the form of Chinese characters. Ever since then, I was attracted by this amazing language.
But to an outsider,it seems to be as impenetrable as the Great Wall of China. Over the past few years,I've been wondering whether I can break down this wall, so that anyone who wants to understand and appreciate the beauty of this complex language could do so. I started thinking about how a new, fast method of learning Chinese might be useful.
At the age of five,I started to learn how to draw every single stroke（笔划）for each character in the correct order. I learned new characters every day during the next fifteen years. You only need 1，000 to understand the basic communication. The top 200 will allow you to read 40 percent of basic literature-enough to read road signs,restaurant menus,to understand the basic idea of the web pages or the newspapers. Today I'm going to start with 8 characters to show you how the method works.
Open your mouth as wide as possible until it's square. You get a mouth---口. This is a person going for a walk with two legs. Person---人.The shape of the fire is a person with two arms on both sides,as if she was yelling crazily,"Help! I'm on fire!" ---火. This is a tree---木.This is a mountain--山.The sun---日. The moon---月.The symbol of the door looks like a pair of car doors---门.These eight characters are the building blocks for you to create lots more characters.



What does the underlined word "impenetrable" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？ ______

A. Available to learn about.
B. Worthwhile to access.
C. Difficult to get across.
D. Important to understand.

Why did the author try to think of fast ways to learn Chinese？ ______

A. To prove her ability to learn.
B. To help her mother with her career.
C. To get better grades in exams.
D. To enable more people to enjoy Chinese.

With the most frequently used 200 characters people can ______ .

A. read restaurant menus
B. understand newspapers well
C. communicate with natives
D. enjoy basic literature

What will the author probably talk about next？ ______

A. How the eight characters build other characters.
B. What other meanings the eight characters have.
C. Where the eight characters can be used in daily life.
D. Why the eight Chinese characters are formed in this way.