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While dog keepers realize their dogs can read their moods accurately, scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.
For their study, biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.
Interestingly, the dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. That's because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.
After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.
They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" that scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.
The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touchscreen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies—dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.
（1）How did the scientists conduct the experiment?
A.By mixing the selected dogs together.
B.By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.
C.By showing digital pictures of women's happy or angry faces.
D.By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen.
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE about the dogs in the study?
A.The dogs were not all provided with the entire face.
B.The dogs couldn't read strangers facial emotions.
C.According to their size, the dogs were given either upper or lower halves.
D.The dogs could make out small changes accompanying facial expressions.
（3）The underlined word "trepidation" in Paragraph 5 probably means ________.
A.curiosity
B.horror
C.excitement
D.doubt
（4）How might the results change if the dogs with female owners are shown pictures of male faces?
A.They would be scared away at the sight of the pictures.
B.They found it easy to tell the emotions on the entire face.
C.They could only tell emotions on partial faces rather than on entire faces.
D.They found it hard to tell the moods on the faces of a different gender.

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If you're dreaming of visiting one of those picture-perfect European towns filled with old-world attractiveness and scenic beauty, here is a look at the most beautiful small towns in Europe.
Manarola
Manarola, Italy, is filled with rainbow-colored homes carved right into a wall of stone along the Mediterranean coast. This charming fishing town is famous for its unbelievable wine, and the paintings. There are no cars here, no traffic lights, or traffic noise. You can drive to Manarola, but you'll have to park just outside the town and then take a shuttle bus or walk in on foot.
Garmisch-Partenkirchen
Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany, is a fascinating mountain town. Once two separate towns, one Roman and the other Teutonic, the 1936 Winter Olympics forced them to combine, though the two sides still have different characters. The town dates back to 15 AD, filled with narrow, cobblestoned streets lined with historic three or four-story buildings painted with regional and religious scenes.
Marsaxlokk
The energetic trading port of Marsaxlokk, Malta, was built in 900 BC. Today, this pictures-like town is the main supplier of fish to the island nation that sits in the Mediterranean Sea. It has no modern buildings to ruin its appeal. With such quiet surroundings, including the traditional luzzu's (fishing boats), it's a particularly charming place to visit.
Portmagee, Ireland
In a country filled with beautiful towns, Portmagee, is a standout, sitting on the southwest coast of Ireland. This postcard-perfect seaside fishing town has a row of brightly colored buildings along with a rich and colorful history. At The Bridge Bar, you'll find live music many nights of the week along with fantastic food and a fine glass of beer.
（1）In which town are tourists not allowed to go sightseeing by car?
A.Garmisch-Partenkirchen.
B.Marsaxlokk.
C.Manarola.
D.Portmagee.
（2）What is Marsaxlokk attractive for?
A.Wine and paintings.
B.Religious scenes.
C.Fish and old buildings.
D.Rich history and live music.
（3）For whom are Manarola and Portmagee ideal destinations?
A.Those who prefer enjoyment in an old coastal fishing town.
B.Those who want to stay on a Mediterranean island.
C.Those who have special interest in traditional fishing boats.
D.Those who need to be refreshed in a mountain town.
（4）What does the underlined word “appeal” probably mean?
A.Background.
B.Attractiveness.
C.Tradition.
D.Development.

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March, April and May are months full of festivals and events all over the world. Here are four wonderful festivals around the world that happen in spring. If you want to know more about them, please click here or visit http://www. buddhanet. net/festival, htm/.
SongKran—Thailand
Dates: 13th-15th, April
In Thailand, people celebrate a festival called Songkran, when people head out to the streets with water guns to spray everyone who walks past.
Naghol—Vanuatu
Dates: Every Saturday from April to May
Every year, villagers come together to celebrate the harvest of yams, an important part in the people's diet in Vanuatu. The festival is most famous for its “land diving ceremony”. During the ceremony men and boys dive to the ground from high wooden towers with only two thin vines (藤) attached to their ankles.
Cherry Blossom Viewing—Japan
Dates: The cherry blossom season is different from year to year depending on the weather forecast.
The festival is well-known. Japanese celebrate the days when the flowers finally blossom. Only a few days later, the petals (花瓣) fall to the ground, like pink snowflakes. That means the traditional festival only lasts for several days. In Japan, almost everyone has picnics in the parks to view the flowers.
Sinhalese New Year—Sri Lanka
Dates: 13th or 14th, April
Just like in many other countries in South or South East Asia, this is the time when the Sinhalese celebrate the traditional New Year, an ancient celebration which marks the end of the harvest season and is one of two times of the year when the sun is straight above Sri Lanka. There are a lot of delicious foods during the celebration.
（1）What may happen to a tourist walking in the street during SongKran in Thailand?
A.He may get wet.
B.He may be shot by the locals.
C.He may enjoy delicious foods.
D.He may see some petals falling.
（2）Where can you go to enjoy amazing performances during the festival?
A.Thailand.
B.Vanuatu.
C.Japan.
D.Sri Lanka.
（3）How is Cherry Blossom Viewing different from the other three festivals?
A.It is a traditional festival.
B.It is a very famous festival.
C.It varies with weather conditions every year.
D.It allows visitors to eat food during the festival.
（4）Where are you most likely to find the text?
A.On TV.
B.In a report.
C.On the Internet.
D.In a newspaper.

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Glacier Bay is one of the most famous parks in America, located in the state of Alaska. This park in the southeastern part of the state covers more than 1 million hectares of Alaskan wilderness. It includes mountains, glaciers (冰川), bays, and even rainforests. Glacier Bay supports hundreds of kinds of animals, including many species of birds, fish, bears, whales and sea lions.
As its name suggests, much of Glacier Bay National Park is covered by glaciers. A glacier is a large area of ice that moves slowly down a slope (斜坡) or valley, or over a wide area of land. Glaciers cover more than 5,000 square kilometers of the park.
Glacial ice has shaped the land over the last seven million years. The glaciers found in the park today are what remains from an ice advance known as the Little Ice Age. That period began about 4,000 years ago.
During the Little Ice Age, the cold weather caused the ice to grow and advance. That situation continued until about 1,700s, when the climate began to warm. The higher temperatures caused the ice to start melting. That melting led the huge glacier to separate into more than 1,000 different glaciers.
The extremely tall and jagged (参差不齐的) mountains seen in Glacier Bay National Park were formed by the ice advancing and then melting over time. The melting of the ice also created water that filled in and created the many fjords (峡湾) within the park. Fjords are narrow parts of the ocean that sit between cliffs or mountains.
The huge amount of water from the melted ice killed off many kinds of plants. Vegetation returned to the area over the next 200 years. The regrowth in plants also brought back many animals to the land. This return of life to Glacier Bay is why it is sometimes called “a land reborn” by people.
（1）What is mentioned in Paragraph 1?
A.The function of Glacier Bay.
B.The climate of Glacier Bay.
C.The area of Alaskan wilderness.
D.The number of animals in Glacier Bay.
（2）What happened to Glacier Bay during the Little Ice Age?
A.Many slopes or valleys came into being.
B.The glaciers grew and advanced.
C.Different glaciers became a whole one.
D.The fjords became narrow.
（3）What is mainly discussed in the last paragraph?
A.How the water killed off the plants.
B.When vegetation returned to Glacier Bay.
C.What the relationship between plants and animals is.
D.Why Glacier Bay is sometimes called “a land reborn”.

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Experience the newly opened Grand Canyon West Skywalk in Colorado.Departing from Grand Canyon's South Rim by Airplane to Grand Canyon's West Rim,you will land and take a ground tour to the Skywalk! Walk on air for 70 feet over the edge of Grand Canyon West.
This Skywalk has been open since March 28,2007.Daily visitor-ship to the Skywalk has been over 4000 people. Please be patient to enjoy your moment on the Skywalk.
After you have experienced the one and only Grand Canyon Skywalk Glass Bridge from where you can enjoy the scenery better,you will return to the Grand Canyon West airport and take your Airplane for a flight back to the South Rim of the Canyon.This is a tour never to be forgotten as you will have walked on air over the Grand Canyon.
Tour Itinerary

（1）The purpose of the passage is to      .
A.attract visitors to America
B.introduce the Skywalk to readers
C.describe the beauty of Grand Canyon
D.speak highly of Grand Canyon South Rim
（2）Why is the bridge in the passage made of glass?
A.Because it can differ from others.
B.Because it is cheaper.
C.Because it gives visitors a better view.
D.Because it looks more wonderful.
（3）According to the Tour Itinerary,the route is      .
A.South Rim →Guano Point →West Airport →Eagle Point →West Airport →South Rim
B.South Rim →West Airport →Guano Point →Eagle Point →West Airport →South Rim
C.South Rim →West Airport →Eagle Point →Guano Point →West Airport →South Rim
D.South Rim →West Airport →Eagle Point →West Airport →Guano Point →South Rim
（4）How does the author find the tour over the Grand Canyon?
A.Boring.
B.Expensive.
C.Impressive.
D.Adventurous.

阅读理解Geneva（日内瓦） Tourist Guide
* Universal compact app for iPhone 6 / iPhone 6 Plus / iPhone 5 / iPhone / iPod / iPad GENEVA TOURIST GUIDE with attractions, museums, restaurants, bars, hotels, theatres and shops with traveler reviews and ratings, pictures, rich travel information, prices and opening hours.
Discover what's on and places to visit in Geneva with our new cool app. It will guide you to top attractions and shopping malls, and tell you directions to hotels, bars, and restaurants. This is an all-in-one app for all the local attractions. Our travel guide to Geneva features up-to-date information on attractions, hotels, restaurants, shopping, nightlife, travel tips and more.
Highlights :
◆ Geneva Information —Overview, climate, geography, history and travel
◆ Attractions —Ancient sites, beaches, botanical gardens, coffee farms, museums, scenic drives, towns, waterfalls, religious and historical sites, etc.
◆ Hotels —From luxury hotels to budget accommodations, including reviews, price comparison, address and more.
◆ Map —It is an interactive map and get turn-by-turn driving directions. Find traffic details, road conditions, street maps, multi map, satellite photos, and aerial maps. Allow you to easily search and find local businesses with directions.
◆ Gallery —Picture galleries of Geneva's most beautiful sights, interesting events, unusual occasions and more.
◆ POI Search —Search everything at Geneva.
Enter any keyword or name to search. Find Name, address, distance, route map, call, and directions to every business location.
◆ Translator —Supports 52 languages, Large text Translation.
◆ World Clock —All major cities of the world (1000 Cities).
（1）What is Geneva Tourist Guide?
A.An app
B.A book
C.A map
D.An advertisement
（2）Geneva Tourist Guide provides tourists with all the following help except ______.
A.to discover what's on and places to visit in Geneva
B.to guide tourists to top attractions and shopping malls
C.to offer latest information on attractions in Geneva
D.to help tourists make friends with Geneva locals
（3）Which of the following is not among highlights of Geneva Tourist Guide?
A.Information about both expensive and cheap hotels in Geneva
B.Chances to visit Geneva galleries without paying any money
C.A search system that can find everything at Geneva
D.Being able to be used by tourists from all over the world

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Time zone:
Eastern Standard Time (EST): GMT+l0 hours.
There is no daylight saving time in Queensland.
Legal drinking age:
18 years and older. Always keep your ID with you to prove your age.
Alcohol (酒) shops & hotels are the only places where alcohol can be bought.
Dangers:
Dial 000 from a fixed line or 112 from a mobile phone. Police, ambulance, fire.
Electricity:
240/250 volts AC 50Hz Universal outlets for 110 volts (shavers only) standard in hotels, apartments, motels.
Telephones:
Australian international code is 61.
Road rules:
Left hand side driving. There is a 50kmh speed limit in most living areas and on open highways 100-110 kmh, seat belts must be worn all the time. If you want to hire a car, take along your driver's license.
No smoking:
Indoors: Indoor areas are no smoking.
Poker Machines: Poker machine areas are no smoking.
Outdoors: Non-enclosed eating and drinking areas are no smoking.
Swimming safety:
ALWAYS SWIM BET WEEN THE RED AND YELLOW FLAGS and pay attention to the life guards' advice. Gold coast beaches are guarded by skilled life guards and volunteers at weekends.
（1）The above information is most probably taken from a(n)       .
A.science magazine
B.education newspaper
C.travel guide book
D.horror novel
（2）We can learn from the above information that in Queensland       .
A.smoking is not allowed in lots of places
B.people can buy alcohol anywhere with ID
C.people can swim beyond the red and yellow flags
D.when a building is on fire, dial 112 from a fixed line
（3）If Mr. Black in having a holiday in Queensland, he can       .
A.drive on the right hand side
B.hire a car with his driver's license
C.drive at the speed of 120kmh on high ways
D.drive his car without wearing the seat belt

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In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies,“No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me.”
The city planners decided to build an underground drainage(排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.
An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.
This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire bulidings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?
That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews(螺旋千斤顶) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening.
Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.
（1）The author mentions the joke to show_________.
A.horses were fairly useful in Chicago
B.Chicago' streets were extremely muddy
C.Chicago was very dangerous in the spring
D.the Chicago people were particularly humorous
（2）The city planners were convinced by Elllis Chesbrough to __________.
A.get rid of the street dirt
B.lower the Chicago River
C.fight against heavy floods
D.build the pipes above ground
（3）The underlined word”hoist”in Paragraph 4 means ___________
A.change
B.lift
C.repair
D.decorate
（4）What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?
A.It went on smoothly as intended.
B.It interrupted the business of the hotel.
C.It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.
D.It separated the bulding from its foundation.
（5）The passage is mainly about early Chicago's _________
A.popular life styles and their influences
B.environmental disasters and their causes
C.engineering problems and their solutions
D.successful businessmen and their achievements

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Imagine being a crew member, hundreds of years ago, sailing in southern waters. Your captain is searching for food while exploring unfamiliar waters. Your job is to watch the sea off the ship's side for ice. The wind is cold on your face. Alongside the ship, a fish darts past. Another slows to a stop and raises its head above the water to look at you. How could a fish do that?
Did the sailors see fish with feathers or swimming birds? Today, we know that the sailors saw birds that developed the ability to swim. Their wings became flippers, and they could “fly” through the water with amazing speed.
There are many types of penguins. Only two kinds raise their young on the continent of Antarctic. Adelie penguins grow up to 29 inches tall and have a white ring around each eye. Emperor penguins have yellow orange color near their necks. Standing about 35 inches tall, they are the tallest penguins living today.
Emperor penguins have nests on top of their feet. Father Emperor penguins keep the egg on top of their feet for more than two months, until the egg is ready to hatch. The mother penguin goes out for food during that time. Imagine holding an egg on your feet for two months until someone returns with food!
Male and female penguins are both good parents. Once the chicks hatch, both parents travel long distances to find food for them in the sea. It may be days before the parents return and the chicks eat again. When they return with food, the fun really begins. Chicks chase their parents, begging for food. Penguin chicks eat huge amounts at one time.
Eventually, the adult penguins stop feeding the chicks. This is nature's way of forcing children to grow up. When the penguin chicks are hungry enough, they find their way to the sea. Without any swimming lessons, they make their way into the icy waters and swim as only penguins do.
（1）What does the author mainly want to tell us in Paragraph 1?
A.It is dangerous to sail in unfamiliar waters.
B.The ice covers southern waters as far as we can see.
C.Penguins seemed unusual when the sailors first saw them.
D.It is difficult to find food if sailing in southern waters.
（2）We now know that penguins seen by the sailors hundreds of years ago were      .
A.fish with the ability to fly
B.birds that had learned to swim
C.birds that could fly into the sea
D.fish with black and white feathers
（3）Why does the author say “the fun really begins” when the parents return with food?
A.The chicks play games with each other while eating.
B.The chicks run after the parents while trying to get food.
C.The chicks have to find their way to the sea to get more food.
D.The chicks have to search for the food the parents have hidden.
（4）Emperor penguin chicks will be forced to grow up when they      .
A.must learn how to feed others
B.have to find a new place to live
C.have to find food by themselves
D.need to adjust to the changeable weather

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Discovering Tasmania
The island of Tasmania is separated from mainland Australia by the Bass Strait. The island is a place of natural beauty and has more than 2,000 km of walking tracks and 18 national parks. If you go on a tour, you'll discover a wild and beautiful place where the people are friendly and the food is delicious. If you don't like walking, there are other tours you can choose from including a river cruise and cycling. You can also combine your tour with fishing, sailing or sunbathing on the beach.
One of the most incredible places to walk is along the Tarkine coast which is located in the north-west of Tasmania. It's such a wild and remote area that you can easily complete your walk without seeing anyone apart from the members of your group and your two guides. The area contains the largest temperate rainforest in Australia which is home to more than 50 endangered species. It is also home to many Aboriginal Heritage Sites. Your guides will provide you with plenty of information about the area as you complete that part of your tour. During your tour, you'll come across rivers, mountain ranges, spectacular waterfalls, wildlife and long wild beaches. It will be an experience you won't easily forget.
Tour Itinerary:
Day 1:
You're picked up from your hotel in the town of Launceston and driven to the Tarkine. You then complete a three-hour walk through the forest before arriving at your camp at Mystery Creek. There you will enjoy a delicious meal cooked by your guides.
Day 2:
After breakfast, you continue deeper into the rainforest, passing some of the tallest trees in the world as you go, and stopping for lunch and then camp in the evening.
Day 3:
The highlight of today's hike is the Tarkine Falls, a beautiful 15-metre waterfall.
Day 4:
Today you can stay at the camp and bathe in the Tarkine Falls, or you can go for a day hike for more fantastic views of the forest.
Day 5:
After a last hike through the forest, you are picked up at about 4:00 p.m. and you arrive in Launceston at around 7:00 p.m.
The tour includes two professional guides, transport to and from the rainforest, all food while on the tours and all safety equipment. You should buy or hire recommended camping equipment including: backpacks, sleeping bags, sleep mats, head torches, rain coats and trousers.
（1）A tourist to the island can ______.
A.cycle along the Tarkine coast and through the forest
B.buy or hire as much camping equipment as possible
C.go for a day trek for more fantastic views on Day 5
D.choose to make a sailing tour of the place for pleasure
（2）From the passage we know that ______.
A.people will walk hours in all the five days during the tour
B.many species in danger are protected in the national parks
C.it takes about three hours to drive from Launceston to Tarkine
D.the tour provides guides, accommodation and safety equipment