选择知识点

I had about 10 minutes to exercise before I had to pick up my two older daughters from school yesterday. It was a busier day than usual for me with a couple of meetings besides my regular work.

Years ago, I would have put off my workout and would have left things for the next day. But since it was a busy day as well, I knew that I may not have all that much time either. So, I picked up my kettle-bell (哑铃) and went to town for 4 minutes. See, 4 minutes, if that’s all you’ve got, is enough to give your body a great fat-burning exercise. How did I get a killer workout in 4 minutes? I used a training workout discovered 10 years ago by a Japanese Sports Scientist called a TABATA.

It includes 20-second periods of warm-up, followed by 10-second periods of rest and 4-minute straight exercise. How is a 4-minute exercise able to burn fat? It all depends on the quality of work you do. Not on the quantity. Here’s how I did it yesterday.

You should never forget your warm-up. A TABATA workout is 20 seconds of 2-arm Kettle-bell swings, 10 seconds rest, 20 seconds push-ups, and 10 seconds rest. You should do those 4 rounds. That’s it. I was done in a total time of 8 minutes by the time and when I got to school my heart was still pumping pretty hard.

A healthy body is needed for studying and working, and efficiency (效率) is the key to building a great body in the least amount (数量) of time possible and you can’t get more efficient than a 4-minute workout.

(1) We can learn from the passage that the author ______.
A. is busy with his work B. has a weak body now C. has two children in all D. is a manager in a film
(2) The underlined phrase “went to town” in Paragraph 2 means “_______”.
A. put off doing something B. went to a very small city C. did something with interest D. hated to do something
(3) What is the most important thing in taking exercise according to the author?
A. The goal B. The quality C. The quantity D. The method

 When I was 11, I glanced at Dad’s lunch box and made the unexpected discovery that my mother still showed her love towards my father. The evidence, a napkin (餐巾) resting on top of the sandwiches, was certain “Love you!” she had written on the napkin, “Meat loaf for supper!”

        Mom wrote all kinds of messages to Dad on those paper napkins, and he saved a whole pile of them. What embarrassed me as a kid has become a sweet memory of my parents.

        It also started my own brand of lunch box notes. When my kids were young, I’d glue little drawings on their lunches. Lots of sketches (素描) of our dog, Max, along with smiling flowers. When they were teenagers, I’d copy words of wisdom from great people, Einstein, for example, or Bruce Springsteen. Then, my kids grew up making their own handwritten notes. And my husband writes me love notes on recycled paper, because he’s all about being green.

        Friends who know about my lunch box notes eagerly share stories of their own family traditions. So many focus on food. Maura’s mom always drew hearts on the shells of hard-boiled eggs. Melinda wrote messages on her kids’ bananas.

        We’re into the third generation of lunch box notes in our home. Whenever my 3-year-old grandson, Clayton, spends the night, he knows his lunch is going to have a napkin note from Grandma in the morning. Last week, I drew a picture of me, waving widely and shouting his name. He took one look at it and screamed, “Where’s Grandpa?” I added a man in a clean shirt. “You forgot his tie,” he said. I quickly drew a line of stripes (条纹) down the front of the shirt. Clayton smiled. “Grandpa,” he whispered, running his fingers across the napkin. “It’s you!”

(1) When the author first saw Dad’s lunch box notes, she felt ______.
A. moved B. awkward C. proud D. nervous
(2) What did the author put in the lunch boxes when her kids were in their teens?
A. Words of love. B. Pictures of flowers. C. Drawings of their favorite animals. D. Famous words of wisdom.
(3) It can be inferred that ________.
A. the author’s grandson likes drawing pictures on napkins B. the author’s children dislike making lunch box notes C. the author’s husband is an environmentalist D. the author’s friends all had their brand of lunch box notes
(4) What’s the best title for the text?
A. Old generation’s way of expressing love. B. A lunch box note. C. Lunches packed with love. D. Some interesting family traditions.

Experience the newly opened Grand Canyon (大峡谷) West Skywalk in Colorado. Departing(离开) from Grand Canyon’s South Rim（外边缘） by Airplane to Grand Canyon’s West Rim, you will land and take a ground tour to the Skywalk! Walk on air for 70 feet over the edge（边缘） of Grand Canyon West.
This Skywalk has been open since March 28, 2007. Daily visitorship to the Skywalk has been over 4,000 people. Please be patient to enjoy your moment on the Skywalk.
After you have experienced the one and only Grand Canyon Skywalk Glass Bridge, you will return to the Grand Canyon West Airport and take your Airplane for a flight back to the South Rim of the Canyon. This is a tour never to be forgotten as you will have walked on air over the Grand Canyon.

Tour Itinerary (行程)

Tour Duration（持续时间）	5.7 Hours	The Grand Canyon Adventure Skywalk
Flight from Grand Canyon South Rim to Grand Canyon West	1 Hour	Experience a bird’s-eye view of the Grand Canyon as you make your way to Grand Canyon West.
Light Lunch at Guano Point at Grand Canyon West	2 Hours	You’ll be taken by bus to Guano Point with breathtaking（令人惊叹的） views of the western part of the Grand Canyon where the Calorado River makes its way into Lake Mood. Every table for lunch has a view.
Walk on the World Famous Skywalk	1.5 Hours	Finally you’ll board（登上） your bus to Eagle Point, home of the Grand Canyon Skywalk. Now it is time for you to walk on air for 70 feet over the Grand Canyon.
Flight Back to Grand Canyon South Rim	1.2 Hours	After time on the Skywalk, you’ll return to the Grand Canyon West Airport and return to Grand Canyon South Rim in time for dinner and sunset.

(1) This advertisement is for __________.
A. Grand Canyon West B. Grand Canyon South C. the Skywalk D. Grand Canyon
(2) The package fee does NOT cover the cost of _______.

A. it looks stranger

B. it gives you a better view

C. it looks more beautiful

D. it is cheaper to build

A. South Rim→Guano Point→West Airport→Eagle Point→West Airport→South Rim

B. South Rim→West Airport→Eagle Point→West Airport→Guano Point→South Rim

C. South Rim→West Airport→Eagle Point→Guano Point→West Airport→South Rim

D. South Rim→West Airport→Guano Point→Eagle Point→West Airport→South Rim

Inland waters may be grouped into two general classes: standing waters and flowing waters. As is often the case, the boundary between these two classes is not sharp and clear. A pond is an example of standing water. But most ponds are fed by springs or brooks and most have an outlet. Thus some current of changing water flows through them. On the other hand, a river is an example of flowing water. In some places, however, a river may have such a slow current that it is very difficult to detect.

Standing inland waters differ in size, in age, and in many abiotic environmental characteristics. They range in size from roadside puddles to the Caspian Sea. Puddles may last for only a few days or weeks; ponds, for a few hundred to a thousand years. In general, lakes are older, though the waters of some tropical “lakes” disappear completely during each dry season. Standing waters vary from very shallow to very deep, from clear to muddy, from fresh to salty.

In flowing waters we roughly distinguish between brooks, creeks, and rivers. The size and age of flowing waters are unimportant. Speed of flow, clearness, oxygen content, and other chemical characteristics are used by scientists in studying flowing-water ecosystems.

(1) According to the passage, which of the following characteristics of flowing waters is unimportant?
A. Size. B. Clarity. C. Speed of flow. D. Oxygen content.
(2) Which of the following statements is true?
A. Usually the water in a river flows into a pond. B. Scientists only study flowing-water ecosystems. C. The Caspian Sea is considered as an example of flowing water. D. Usually ponds last much longer than puddles.
(3) From this passage we may know that the distinction between standing waters and flowing waters ______.
A. depends on how people name the waters B. is hard to make C. depends on the seasons D. is clear
(4) This passage mainly tells us that ______.
A. lakes and rivers are flowing waters B. there are two major classes of inland waters C. age and size of flowing waters are important D. ponds and brooks are standing waters

In the winter months the temperature in most of Canada usually stays below 0℃. However, in some parts of Canada, such as southern British Columbia, the temperature rarely goes below 0℃. In most areas where people live, snow will be on the ground from mid-December to the middle of March. Though Canada’s winter may be much colder and longer than you are used to, it can be very enjoyable. For many Canadians, being active in winter is an important part of enjoying life. There are many outdoor winter activities, including skiing, ice fishing, walking, and skating. Joining in one of these activities may help you appreciate winter and enjoy your time outside in the snow.

Dressing for winter.

During winter in Canada, you will need warm clothing. If possible, arrive with these items or be prepared to buy them soon after your arrival. You will need:

＊A warm waterproof boots. 

＊A scarf for your neck.

＊A hat that covers your ears.      

＊Gloves for your hands.

＊Thick winter coats, pants trousers and sweaters.

Layers(层) keep you warm.

It’s a good idea to layer your clothing by, for example, wearing a T-shirt and a sweater underneath a jacket. If you become too hot, it is always easier to remove a piece of clothing than to add another. On the West Coast, prepare to dress for cool rainy or snowy weather. You will need:

＊A warm waterproof coat.

＊Waterproof hats.

＊An umbrella.                 

＊Rain boots or snow boots.

Learn more about weather and seasons across Canada. You can also contact Related Links.com, for example, an immigrant-serving organization in the community where you live for more information about dressing for winter.

(1) What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?
A. To show many outdoor winter activities. B. To tell about the details about Canada. C. To encourage you to enjoy winter in Canada. D. To introduce the daily life of Canada.
(2) What is the important part for many Canadians in winter?
A. Joining a group B. Ice fishing. C. Staying in the snow D. Leading an active life.
(3) If you spend a winter in Canada, you will prepare all EXCEPT_______.
A. thick winter coats and a scarf. B. an umbrella and sunglasses. C. now boots and gloves. D. waterproof hats and a scarf.
(4) The author suggest layering your clothing probably because_______
A. it is a rule to dress like that. B. it is cool to dress like that. C. the weather is usually very hot . D. the weather there is changeable.

For starters，I was surprised when during our first conversational Hindi(印度语)lesson we learned the word for“thank you”doesn't really exist in Hindi．Okay，so there technically is a word，but it's really only recognized and used in the cities，where there is more of a Western influence．In the mountains，it is seldom used，and what's more，people often seemed annoyed when we would try to thank them．They would either turn their heads，or shake their hands at us as if to say，“Don't，it's not necessary．”

    When we asked our Indian instructors why this is，they explained that giving and generosity are such complete aspects of their culture．In fact，it is part of the culture to view possession as a very unsteady thing．Giving is more of a matter of“changing hands”than an act of generosity．In their eyes，the cucumbers and other food they would give us were never really“theirs”．They see them as having passed along to them and now they are simply passing them along to us．

    I believe there is a great sense of generosity in Western culture，but it seems to be more of a secondary thought．In other words，the viewpoint seems to be，“If I have enough，I will happily donate my surplus(盈余)．”Whereas in the Himalayas，the villagers were eager to give away their best cucumbers to a passing stranger，and they would have happily given more even when it means less for them．In contrast，people in the U．S．tend to donate old，used，or unwanted items rather than their prized ones．

    Interestingly，during a coffee chat a couple of months ago，one of my friends，Josh Millburn，was telling me about how he donated his favorite clothes and shoes—just for the experience of giving up the possessions he likes most as well as to practice detaching(分派)for material things．So，this is something we as Westerners can certainly do，but it doesn't come wholly into our culture．It's something we have to make ourselves consciously aware of and push ourselves outside of our comfort zones to achieve．

(1) Why did Hindi people in mountains feel it unnecessary to receive“thank you”after giving？
A. Because they happily donated the surplus． B. Because they delightedly helped acquaintances． C. Because they viewed giving as a matter of“changing hands”． D. Because they were influenced by the Western act of generosity．
(2) What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？
A. Hesitation of giving． B. Americans' willingness of giving． C. The sense of generosity． D. Comparison of giving．
(3) What would the author do after such an experience？
A. At once give away all the possessions he likes most． B. Follow Hindi villagers to practice detaching for material things． C. Push all Westerners to follow the Hindi act of generosity． D. Become more used to donating used，or unwanted things．
(4) Which is the best title of the passage？
A. The True Spirit of Generosity． B. The Best Aspect of Hindi People． C. Learning from Western Generosity． D. Giving First and Taking Second．

C

In some urban centers, workaholism is so common that people do not consider it unusual: they accept the lifestyle as normal. Government workers in Washington D. C., for example, frequently work sixty to seventy hours a week. They don’t do this because they have to; they do it because they want to.

Workaholism can be a serious problem. Because true workaholics (工作狂) would rather work than do anything else, they probably don’t know how to relax.

Is workaholism always dangerous? Perhaps not. There are, certainly, people who work well under stress. Some studies show that many workaholics have great energy and interest in life. Their work is so pleasurable that they are actually very happy. For most workaholics, work and entertainment keep them busy and creative.

Why do workaholics enjoy their jobs so much? There are several advantages to work. Of course, it provides people with paychecks, and this is important. But it offers more than financial security. It provides people with self-confidence; they have a feeling of satisfaction when they’ve produced a challenging piece of work and are able to say, “I made that.” Psychologists claim that work gives people an identity through participation in work, they get a sense of self and individualism. In addition, most jobs provide people with a socially acceptable way to meet others. Perhaps some people are compulsive about their work, but their addiction seems to be a safe-even an advantageous-one.

(1) The passage indicates that workaholics ______.
A. just know work but nothing else B. find their work provide them more satisfaction and self-confidence than how much they are paid C. are willing to work hard for long hours without pay D. has the work with more responsibility than others
(2) One of the reasons that some people are not willing to quit their jobs even in their eighties and nineties is that ______.
A. they are in the need of financial security B. they long for a sense of identity and being accomplished C. they would rather work than be disturbed by domestic affairs D. they may have health problems from sheer boredom
(3) This passage is mainly about ______.
A. people who are absorbed in their work may enjoy movies, sports and other kinds of entertainment B. workaholics are usually successful people, but their lives are in a mess C. workaholism can lead to serious problems but it can also create a joyful life D. those who work even under difficult conditions may be very happy
(4) It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. in the eyes of all the common people workaholics are peculiar B. workaholics are as addicted to their job as other people are to drugs or alcohol C. a piece of challenging work may provide the workaholics a sense of satisfaction D. to workaholics, work is the sole source of happiness

A young woman carrying a three-year-old child got on a bus. The conductor(售票员) hurried to give her a warm welcome and then kindly asked the other passengers to make more room for the woman and her child. On seeing this, people began to talk. "You know this conductor used to be very rude. Now suddenly he has changed his bad behavior , "said a middle-aged man.

"Yes, he should be praised and we must write a letter to the company," said a second passenger. "Thatˈs right," another lady said, "I wish a newspaper reporter were here so that more people could learn from this conductor. "

Just then a gentleman who looked like a teacher turned to the conductor and said , "Excuse me, but can I know your name, please? Your excellent service must be praised..."

Before he could open his mouth, the three-year-old child sitting on the young womanˈs lap interrupted (打断谈话), "I know his name. Icall him Dad."

(1) The passengers were ________ to see the conductorˈs kindness to the woman and the child.
A. excited B. pleased C. surprised D. interested
(2) One passenger suggested writing a letter to the company to ______    .

 

A. thank the conductor for his good service

 

B. make a demand for more buses

 

C. criticize（批评）the conductor for his rude behavior

 

D. invite a newspaper reporter to write about the conductor
(3) The word "he" in the last paragraph refers to _______.

 

A. the gentleman B. the middle-aged man

 

C. the conductor D. the three-year-old child

The morning had been a disaster．My tooth was aching，and I'd been in an argument with a friend．Her words still hurt：“The trouble with you is that you won't put yourself in my place．Can't you see things from my point of view？”I shook my head stubbornly—and felt the ache in my tooth．I'd thought I could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday．but the pain was really unbearable．I started calling the dentists in the phone book，but no one could see me immediately．Finally，at about lunchtime，I got lucky．

    “If you come by right now．”the receptionist said．“the dentist will fit you in．”

    I took my purse and keys and rushed to my car．But suddenly I began to doubt about the dentist．What kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice？Why wasn't he as busy as the others？

    In the dentist's office，I sat down and looked around．I saw nothing but the bare(赤裸的)walls and I became even more worried．The assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my ice-cold one．

    When I told her my fears，she laughed and said，“Don't worry．The dentist is very good．”

    “How long do I have to wait for him？”I asked impatiently．

    “Come on，he is coming．Just lie down and relax．And enjoy the artwork，”the assistant said．

    “The artwork？”I was puzzled．

    The chair went back．Suddenly I smiled．There was a beautiful picture，right where I could enjoy it：on the ceiling．How considerate the dentist was！At that moment，I began to understand what my friend meant by her words．

    What a relief！

(1) How do you think the writer was feeling by lunchtime？
A. Sorrowful． B. Fearful． C. Annoyed． D. Dissatisfied．
(2) What exactly made the writer doubt about the dentist？
A. The assistant's words． B. The writer's eagerness． C. Such short notice． D. The dentist's skill．
(3) Why did the writer feel more worried on entering the dentist's？
A. Because she was not treated immediately． B. Because she knew the dentist available． C. Because she noticed the assistant's nervousness． D. Because she found the walls had nothing on．
(4) What lesson did the writer learn from the experience？
A. Put oneself in someone else's shoes． B. Bite off more than you can chew． C. Don't judge a book by its cover． D. It takes two to tango．

D

The world is filled with smart, talented and gifted people．We meet them every day．A few days ago, my car was not running well. I pulled it into a garage, and the young mechanic had it fixed within just a few minutes. He knew what was wrong by simply listening to the engine. I was amazed. The sad truth is that only great talent is not enough．

I am often shocked at how little talented people earn. I heard the other day that less than 5 percent of Americans earn more than $100,000 a year. A business consultant (顾问) who specializes in the medical trade was telling me how many doctors and dentists struggle with money. It was this business consultant that gave me the phase, “They are one skill away from great wealth”.

There is an old saying that goes，“Job means ‘just over broke(破产）’”．And unfortunately，I would say that the saying applies to millions of people. Because school does not think financial(财务的）intelligence is intelligence, most workers “live within their means”. They work and they pay the bills. Instead I recommend to young people to seek work for what they will learn, more than what they will earn．

When I ask the classes I teach, “How many of you can cook a better hamburger than McDonald's?” almost all the students raise their hands．I then ask, “So if most of you can cook a better hamburger, how come McDonald’s makes more money than you?” The answer is obvious: McDonald's is excellent at business systems. The reason why so many talented people are poor is that they focus on building a better hamburger and know little or nothing about business systems. The world is filled with talented poor people. They focus on perfecting their skills at building a better hamburger rather than the skills of selling and delivering the hamburger．

(1) How did the mechanic find the problem in the car?
A. By driving the car B. By listening to what the author said C. By pulling it to the garage D. By listening to the engine
(2) Why do talented people earn so little according to the author?
A. They have no talents． B. They have no good skills． C. They don’t work enough． D. They lack financial intelligence．
(3) The success of McDonald's lies in its           ．
A. good business marketing B. excellent service C. talented workers D. skills at making hamburgers
(4) What does the world lack ,according to the text?
A. The world lacks excellent cooks. B. The world lacks skilled workers. C. The world lacks people like McDonald’s. D. The world lacks smart, talented and gifted people.