Range anxiety（里程焦虑）， the fear of running out of power before being able to recharge an electric vehicle, may be a thing of the past, according to a team of Penn State engineers who are looking at lithium iron phosphate batteries（磷酸铁锂电池）that have a range of 250 miles with the ability to charge in 10 minutes.
"We developed a pretty clever battery for mass-market electric vehicles," said Chao-Yang Wang, a professor and director of the Electrochemical Engine Center at Penn State. "There is no more range anxiety and this battery is affordable". The researchers also say that the battery should be good for 2 million miles in its lifetime.
They report today in Nature Energy that the key to long-life and rapid recharging is the battery's ability to quickly heat up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit, for charge and discharge, and then cool down when the battery is not working.
The battery uses a self-heating approach previously developed in Wang's center. The self-heating battery uses a thin nickel foil（镍箔）with one end attached to the negative terminal and the other extending outside the cell to create a third terminal. Once electrons flow it rapidly heats up the nickel foil through resistance heating and warm the inside of the battery. Once the battery's internal temperature is 140 degrees F， the switch opens and the battery is ready for rapid charge or discharge.
"This battery has slenderized weight, volume and cost," said Wang. "I am very happy that we finally found a battery that will benefit the mainstream consumer mass market." According to Wang,these smaller batteries can produce a large amount of power upon heating-40 kilowatt hours and 300 kilowatts of power. An electric vehicle with this battery could go from zero to 60 miles per hour in 3 seconds and would drive like a Porsche, he said. "This is how we are going to change the environment and not contribute to just the luxury cars," said Wang. "Let everyone afford electric vehicles."



Which can best describe the battery in the text？ ______

A. Cheap and heavy.
B. Costly but beneficial.
C. Expensive but small-sized
D. Affordable and efficient.

Why can the battery be used for long and charged so fast？ ______

A. It is environmentally friendly.
B. It heats up and cools down rapidly.
C. It helps speed up the car instantly.
D. It charges when it doesn't work.

What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about？ ______

A. How the battery works.
B. Advantages of the battery.
C. How the battery is produced.
D. Applications of the battery.

The underlined word " slenderized" in Paragraph 5 can probably be replaced by ______ .

A. promoted
B. gathered
C. combined
D. reduced