On March 18， 2018， Elaine Herzberg was crossing a road in Tempe， Arizona， when a Volvo SUV hit and killed her． Although she was one of thousands of U．S． pedestrians killed by vehicles every year， one distinctive aspect set her death apart： Nobody was driving that Volvo． A computer was．
Just a couple of months later， a survey by AAA （American Automobile Association） revealed that 73 percent of Americans were too scared to zip around in a totally autonomous ride-a 10 percent increase from a similar poll taken before Herzberg's death． Actually， self-driving cars are already cruising our streets， their spinning lasers and other sensors scanning the world around them． But what makes some of us still so wary of these robotic chauffeurs， and how can they earn our trust？
To understand these questions， it first helps to consider what psychologists call the theory of mind． Put simply， it's the recognition that other people have brains in their heads that are busy thinking， just like ours （usually） are． The theory comes in handy on the road． Before we venture into a crosswalk， we might first make eye contact with a driver and then think， He sees me， so I'm safe， or He doesn't， so I'm not． It's a technique we likely use more than we realize， both behind the wheel and on our feet． But you can't make eye contact with an algorithm（计算程序）． When a car is in self-driving mode， the computer's in charge． "We're going to have to learn a theory of the machine mind，" says Azim Shariff， a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia． What that means in practice is that self-driving cars will need to provide clear signals-and not just turn signals-to let the public know what that machine mind is planning．
However， that doesn't mean we want it to mimic exactly how humans think and act while driving． In fact， the promise of traveling by autonomous car is that silicon brains won't do dumb things such as text and drive， or drink and drive， or rocket down the highway while upset after a breakup． （Cars don't date．） "I believe that they have the potential to be safer than regular cars，" says Marjory S． Blumenthal， a senior policy analyst at the RAND Corporation． But she says there's not enough good data yet to know for sure．
One practical way to create a reputation for safety is to start slow． The University of Michigan's pair of self-driving shuttles go just 12 miles per hour． Huei Peng， a professor of mechanical engineering， says the research team behind the project is building trust by not asking too much： The predetermined route is just about a mile long， so they're not exactly speeding down a highway in the snow． "We're trying to push the envelope but in a very careful way，" Peng says．
Indeed， the public isn't homogeneous， says Raj Rajkumar， who directs the Metro21． He notices three categories of potential users： tech skeptics， early adopters， and people who are stressed by driving． The early adopters will buy in first， followed by the folks who just dislike driving， and then finally the skeptics， he argues． "So it's a long process．" Trust grows like a self-driving shuttle drives： slowly．



What did the survey by AAA show？ ______

A. The wide use of self-driving cars．
B. The growing doubts on self-driving cars．
C. The urgent need for laws on self-driving cars．
D. The rapid rise of deaths caused by self-driving cars．

The theory of mind is mentioned to show ______ ．

A. human mind makes driving easier
B. communication takes away drivers" attention
C. communicative skills can be improved by practice
D. self-driving cars are not as safe for their machine mind

Paragraph 4 wants to tell us that self-driving cars ______ ．

A. will replace regular cars
B. couldn't act like humans
C. could be safer than regular cars
D. should learn to think like humans

What is the author's attitude towards the future development of self-driving cars？ ______

A. Cautious but optimistic．
B. Puzzled but hopeful．
C. Concerned but pessimistic．
D. Skeptical but interested．