选择知识点

The Joy Luck Club explores the connection,or lack of,between immigrant Chinese mothers and their Chinese American daughters.The book is divided into four sections in which the tales of mothers and daughters connect.
The book begins with Jing-mei taking her mother's place playing mahjong at a weekly gathering.They call the group the Joy Luck Club.Jing-mei's mother had a similar club in China before Jing-mei was born.Her mother restarted the tradition in San Francisco when Jing-mei was just a little girl.The other members of the group,Lindo,Ying-ying and An-mei,were her mother's oldest friends.The women tell Jing-mei that before her mother,Suyuan,died,she had finally succeeded in locating Jing-mei's lost half-sisters in China.Suyuan had abandoned the girls when she fled during World War Ⅱ.The women offer to help Jing-mei travel to China,meet her sisters and tell them about their mother.Jing-mei is overcome with emotion and wonders if she is up to the task.Then each woman tells an emotional story from her own childhood.The women then wonder if their daughters can really understand them.
In the second section,the four daughters Waverly,Jing-mei,Lena and Rose share painful childhood stories about their relationships with their mothers.The stories contain misunderstandings of their mother's actions.
In the third section,the daughters share about their marriage and career troubles.They believe that their mothers' old-fashioned ideas do not apply to their American lives.But their quest for solutions to their troubles leads them back to their relationships with the older generation.
In the last section,the mothers tell current stories about their daughters and their attempts to help them solve their problems.In doing so,they learn more about themselves.Jing-mei travels to China,meets her half-sisters and help them to learn about a mother they cannot remember.In doing so,she fulfills her mother's wish to be reunited with her lost daughters.This helps Jing-mei understand and appreciate her mother better.Jing-mei's journey also helps the other members of the Joy Luck Club.They see the importance of the past and the present as they work to truly connect with their daughters.



Who told Jing-mei the story of her mother？ ______

A. Her friends at work.
B. Her mother in person.
C. The mothers in the club.
D. The half-sisters in China.

Why did Jing-mei come to China？ ______

A. To expand her career.
B. To mend her marriage.
C. To reunite with her half-sisters.
D. To have a vacation with her family.

What do we know about the mothers in the club？ ______

A. They only care for playing mahjong.
B. They ended up bonding with their daughters.
C. They cruelly abandoned their children in the war.
D. They failed to help solve their daughters' troubles.

Which word can best describe Jing-mei's journey to China？ ______

A. Heart-broken.
B. Rewarding.
C. Meaningless.
D. Classic.

Chinese Paper Cutting or Jianzhi is the first type of paper cutting design,since paper was invented by Cai Lun in Eastern Han Dynasty in China.This art form dates back to the sixth century.Chinese women would cut shapes from gold and silver foil（箱）to paste to their hair.Families later adopted the tradition of putting paper cuttings on gates and windows on special days.Eventually,red paper cuttings became a way to express happy feelings and well wishes.At weddings,a cutting of the "喜喜" character,which represents "double happiness"，is commonly used.
Hongkong paper cutting master Li Yunxia makes the craft look easy.She learned the paper cutting from her mother and grandmother from the age of six.According to Li,"all you need are paper,scissors and a lot of skill".Li was born in Shanxi province where paper cutting is still practiced and taught.Today,she teaches the ancient craft to people of all age.
Today some artists are turning paper cutting into a new art form.They often add paint and other materials to the cuttings.They mix imagination with skill to create unique designs.
Some of the most beautiful pieces of paper art come from Nahoko Kojima of Japan.She is a leader in the field of paper-cut art as "sculptures".One of her most famous pieces,Byaku,is a life-size swimming polar bear that hangs from the ceiling.Kojima created the piece from a single sheet of paper,three meters long.
Yuken Teruya of New York is known for his modern designs using old paper bags.Bags from McDonald's and other stores are turned on their sides.People peek inside to discover tiny,delicately cut trees.
No matter how simple and complicated the design is,paper cutting remains a beloved Chinese craft.The next time you see a paper cutting,take a moment to appreciate it.



According to the text,paper-cut art was originally from ______ .

A. Metal industry
B. Wedding ceremony
C. Mood expression
D. Women's hair decoration

What is one of the features of the new paper-cut art form today？ ______

A. It is greatly simplified.
B. It mixes with more materials.
C. It only focuses on imagination.
D. It abandons traditional skill totally.

Why are artists Nahoko Kojima and Yuken Teruya mentioned in the text？ ______

A. They imaginatively create unique designs.
B. They once learned the skill from Li Yunxia.
C. They prefer to make works with old paper bags.
D. They require a reputation as the leader in the field.

What is the main idea of the text？ ______

A. The skill of paper-cut art.
B. The origin of paper-cut art.
C. The school of paper-cut art.
D. The development of paper-cut art.

The Amazon rain forest is on fire.There are more fires burning there than ever before.That's according to Brazil's National Institute for Space Research.Using satellites to track deforestation and wildfires,the agency has counted 74，155 fires in the Amazon this year.That's roughly an 84% increase over last year at this time.The effects of the fires are being felt across Brazil.Parts of the country are covered in smoke.In the state of Sao Paulo,heavy smoke caused the sky to go black and blocked the sun on Monday.Other Brazilian states have declared the situation an emergency.One state has been put on "environmental alert."
Some people think the policies of Brazil's president,Jair Bolsonaro,have led to the increase in fires.He wants to change laws that protect the Amazon so businesses can clear more land for commercial use.Bolsonaro says the fires are blazing simply because "it is the season of the queimada."（Queimada means "burned" in Portuguese.Portuguese is the official language of Brazil.）
But experts say Bolsonaro is wrong.They don't blame the increase in fires on the season.They point to deforestation and a worldwide increase in temperatures. "Trees,if they're stressed out by heat repeatedly,are more susceptible toother kinds of damage," such as fires,says Deborah Lawrence.She's an environmental sciences professor at the University of Virginia.
Carlos Nobre is a Brazilian climate scientist.He's also an expert in tropical forests.The situation is "very sad," according to Nobres. "We usually would see this surge of fire in very,very exceptionally dry years," he says. "The fact that this record-breaking figure comes out in a relatively un-dry dry season shows that deforestation is increasing."



What is the result of this fire？ ______

A. Many people died in this fire.
B. Most of the states in Brazil feel the effects of the fire.
C. Many trees and animals are destroyed.
D. Brazil declared the situation an emergency.

Which of the following statements is not true in this passage？ ______

A. The Amazon rain forest has few fires this year.
B. Some people think the president should take responsibility for the fire.
C. Some experts say the fire is caused because of the season.
D. Carlos Nobre thinks fires should happen in a very exceptionally dry year.

What can be inferred from Deborah Lawrence's words？ ______

A. Trees are sensitive to some kinds of damage.
B. Fires are caused because of the season.
C. Deforestation is increasing in the world.
D. Fires happened in exceptionally dry year.

What is the main idea of this passage？ ______

A. We should take measures to stop fires.
B. What we can do for the fires.
C. Fire happens in The Amazon rain forest.
D. Fires cause much damage.

It flies through the night air.It is silent as it moves through trees and over grasses.It is a drone-a small plane that is operated remotely.Tonight,this drone is on a high-risk mission（任务）in South Africa：hunting poachers（偷猎者）.
Poaching has caused an environmental disaster.According to a study led by Colorado State University,nearly 100，000 African elephants were killed from 2011 to 2013.Rhino poaching has increased 9，000 percent since 2007 in South Africa alone,according to the World Wildlife Fund.
Now,conservationists are turning to drone technology to fight back.Air Shepherd is a program that flies drone missions in South Africa,Malawi,and Zimbabwe at night.If potential poachers are spotted,teams of park rangers（园林管理员）will go to the scene immediately.
Since the program began,Air Shepherd has seen a significant decrease in poaching in areas where its drones operate.And it is currently raising money to expand its operation,says John Pelersen,who is responsible for the program.
Petersen believes that drone technology can turn the tide in the war against poaching.There are certainly challenges though.For one,if poachers get word that drones are going around a particular area,the poachers may simply go elsewhere.Another challenge is training park rangers to use drones effectively.In addition,drones can be expensive to buy and can fly for only a few hours before running out of power.
Still,in the fight to save elephants and rhinos,drones have the potential to be an effective tool.
"These animals have been around for millions of years.They are a significant aspect of who we are and the environment we live in," says Petersen. "They could be extinct in the wild in Africa in 10 years...We can't let that happen."



What does Paragraph 2 indicate？ ______

A. The world's environment is getting worse.
B. Elephants are in danger of extinction.
C. Poaching has caught public attention.
D. Poaching is a very serious problem.

What do we know about Air Shepherd？ ______

A. It helps discover poachers.
B. It flies drones all day long.
C. It was started by John Petersen.
D. It makes money through drone service.

What challenge does drone technology face？ ______

A. Inadequate operators.
B. Inconvenience of charging.
C. Limited areas of coverage.
D. High expense of operator training.

What do Petersen's words show in the last paragraph？ ______

A. His worries about Africa.
B. His determination to fight poaching.
C. His belief in drone technology.
D. His pride in what he does.

Imagine that you are a superhero.Your superpowers are activated by a special suit.The suit communicates with your brain.It allows you to do amazing things with only a thought.By concentrating on strength,for example,you can kick a soccer ball across a field.By focusing on swift actions,you can jump to the top of a tree.
Such a connection between mind and machine may sound like a fantasy.To scientists,though,it is a very real goal.They are creating machines that let disabled monkeys walk.These machines may soon help disabled humans do the same.Unlike other bionic devices,these robotic "super suits" do not communicate with muscles and nerves.Instead,they have a direct line to the brain.
In 2005，doctors drilled a hole in the skull of Hutchinson,who had lost her right arm in an accident.Then they inserted a sensor onto her motor cortex（大脑皮层运动区）.Wires connected the sensor to a receiver on her head.After she recovered,researchers plugged Hutchinson's receiver into a cable that relayed signals from her brain to computers.Then they connected a robotic arm to the computers.The computers could interpret Hutchinson's brain signals to move the arm.
Soon,Hutchinson,the computer,and the robotic arm became a team.Hutchinson was even able to lift her hand and drink from a cup. "She smiled when she put down that drink—that's everything." says Donoghue,a brain scientist.
Today other scientists are building on that success.One of those scientists is Dr.Miguel Nicolelis,who designed a whole-body bionic equipment.In 2014，a disabled former athlete kicked the first ball of the World Cup Games wearing one of Miguel's full-body exoskeletons.
The exoskeleton was connected to brain signal sensors in the man's cap.By thinking about kicking,he sent signals to a computer on his back.The computer then translated the signal into an exoskeleton-aided kick.Such designs may become common as scientists keep merging mind and machine.



Which can best describe the tone of paragraph 1？ ______

A. Narrative and serious.
B. Persuasive and critical.
C. Informative and objective.
D. Descriptive and imaginative.

What is paragraph 3 mainly about？ ______

A. Reason of the experiment.
B. Results of the experiment.
C. Process of the experiment.
D. Significance of the experiment.

Why is Dr.Miguel's exoskeleton special？ ______

A. It can be used on animals.
B. It can move the whole body.
C. It was supported by computers.
D. It was connected directly to the brain.

What can be inferred from the last paragraph？ ______

A. Robotic suits may be widely used to help disabled people.
B. Exoskeleton is more common than Hutchinson's bionic arm.
C. Scientific experiments are commonly carried out in football fields.
D. Disabled athletes can now play football again with the help of computer.

Bill Gates on how to fight future pandemics WHEN HISTORIANS write the book on the covid-19 pandemic,what we've lived through so far will probably take up only the first third or so.The bulk of the story will be what happens next.
I believe that humanity will beat this pandemic,but only when most of the population is vaccinated（接种疫苗）.Until then,life will not return to normal.
As the pandemic slows in developed nations,it will accelerate in developing ones.Their experience,however,will be worse.In poorer countries,where fewer jobs can be done remotely,distancing measures won't work as well.The virus will spread quickly,and health systems won't be able to care for the infected.
Wealthy nations can help.But people in rich and poor places alike will be safe only once we have an effective medical solution for this virus,which means a vaccine.
My hope is that,by the second half of 2021，facilities around the world will be manufacturing a vaccine.If that's the case,it will be a history-making achievement：the fastest humankind has ever gone from recognizing a new disease to immunizing （免疫）against it.
Apart from this progress in vaccines,two other big medical breakthroughs will emerge from the pandemic.One will be in the field of diagnostics.The next time a novel virus crops up,people will probably be able to test for it at home.Researchers could have such a test ready within a few months of identifying a new disease.
The third breakthrough will be in antiviral drugs.We haven't been as effective at developing drugs to fight viruses as we have those to fight bacteria.But that Researchers will develop large diverse libraries of antivirals,which they'll be able to scan through and quickly find effective treatments for novel viruses.
All three technologies will prepare us for the next pandemic by allowing us to intervene（干预）early when the number of cases is still very low.
Our progress won't be in science alone.It will also be in our ability to make sure everyone benefits from that science.In the years after 2021，I think we'll learn from the years after 1945.With the end of the Second World War,leaders built international institutions like the UN to prevent more conflicts.After covid-19，leaders will prepare institutions to prevent the next pandemic.
These will be a mix of national,regional and global organizations.I expect they will participate in regular "germ games" in the same way as armed forces take part in War games.These will keep us ready for the next time a novel virus jumps from bats or birds to humans.
I hope wealthy nations include poorer ones in these preparations,especially by devoting more foreign aid to building up their primary health-care systems.This pandemic has shown us that viruses don't obey border laws and that we are all connected biologically by a network of microscopic germs,whether we like it or not.
The best analogy（类比）for today might be November 10th 1942.Britain had just won its first land victory of the war,and Winston Churchill declared in a speech："This is not the end.It is not even the beginning of the end.But it is,perhaps,the end of the beginning."



What are the three technologies that will prepare us for the next pandemic？ ______
①manufacturing a vaccine fast
②diagnosing a virus at home
③developing antiviral drugs
④allowing us to intervene early

A. ①②③
B. ①②④
C. ①③④
D. ②③④

As far as poorer countries are concerned,which of the following is TRUE according to this passage？ ______

A. Pandemic disease is more likely to begin in poorer countries
B. Working from home can work well in poorer countries.
C. Health systems are sufficient to care for the infected in poorer countries.
D. Virus will cross borders if poorer countries fail to contain it.

Why is the Second World War mentioned in Para.8？ ______

A. The fight against the COVID-19 is similar to the Second World War.
B. People are suffering just as they were in the Second World War.
C. We should cooperate globally just as we did after the Second World War.
D. Countries are fighting each other like in the Second World War.

What is the tone of this passage？ ______

A. pessimistic
B. optimistic
C. neutral
D. indifferent

In the past few decades,the way we shop has changed dramatically.We used to buy our goods in traditional shops.Now,customers are increasingly buying online,where they can order whatever they want directly to their door with the click of a mouse.As companies race to improve their Internet shopping experience,the trend towards shopping online is predicted to continue.
Most people commonly think that online shopping is better than in-store shopping.After all,an online store does not use the electricity that a traditional store might use and it doesn't require the customer to drive anywhere.So you would think the carbon savings must be significant.
Take the typical home delivery round in the UK，for example.Supermarket drivers often do 120 deliveries on an 80-kilometre round,producing 20 kilograms of CO₂ in total.In contrast,a 21-kilometre drive to the store and back for one household would produce 24 times more CO₂!However,the reality is slightly more complex than that.Many home deliveries fail the first time and the driver has to make a second or third attempt to deliver the purchase.
The carbon footprint also goes up if the customer chooses to return the item.A study in Germany shows that as many as one in three online purchases are returned.According to another study,merchandise（商品）worth nearly ﹩326 million is returned each year in the USA.Two billion kilograms of this ends up in landfill （垃圾填埋池），leading to 13 tons of CO₂ being released.
When we take all these factors into consideration,we realize that online shopping isn't necessarily as green as people might think.There is some positive news,as various online retailers（零售商）are starting to lower their carbon footprint by turning to electric delivery vehicles.However,the question of how to deal with returns efficiently and without waste is a challenge that many companies have not wanted to face,but they have to shoulder responsibilities.



What is a common belief about online shopping according to the text？ ______

A. It increases companies' pressure.
B. It costs less than in-store shopping.
C. It is more environmentally-friendly.
D. It improves customers,shopping experience.

The data in Paragraph 3 and Paragraph 4 mainly shows that ______ .

A. online shopping is sometimes inconvenient
B. some online items are actually of poor quality
C. customers should think twice before shopping
D. online shopping may cause much carbon footprint

How do online retailers try to reduce carbon footprint？ ______

A. By cutting the distance of delivery.
B. By using a greener way of delivery.
C. By choosing to sell electric vehicles.
D. By recycling their customers' returns.

What is the passage mainly about？ ______

A. Online shopping has bad impacts on the environment.
B. The trend towards shopping online will continue.
C. Online companies cause much carbon footprint.
D. Online shopping is greener than in-store shopping.

There are many different types of poems.
Many people have heard about haiku.In fact,most of us are taught at one point or another -usually in elementary school or high school-to write one of our very own.Actually,haiku is a form of poetry made up of three non-rhyming lines.They often express feelings and thoughts about nature；however,you could write a poem about any subject you like in this form.
One of the poetic favorites is pastoral（田园的）poetry because it means wonderful senses of peace and harmony.Examples of this form include Keats's Ode on a Grecian Urn.Like the haiku,nature is often at the center of this type of poem as well.In general,pastoral poetry will focus on describing a rural（乡村的）place,but the terms will be peaceful.You feel at ease after reading this type of poem.Many pastoral poems are written about shepherds.
Are you familiar with the term "ballad"？Probably you are,because people sometimes refer to songs - particularly romantic ones -as ballads.In fact,ballad poems are frequently sung or at least they are intended to be sung,and they are often about love.Often,these ballads will tell stories and they tend to be of a mystical nature.
A limerick is a poem that is often silly or funny,written in five lines with AABBA rhyme（押韵）.Often,a limerick tells a short,humorous story.This type of poem has been popular for hundreds of years,particularly in the English language.When limericks first became popular,they often expressed ideas that were dirty,but today limericks express all sorts of ideas.



What do we learn about haiku poems？ ______

A. They rhyme.
B. They're very short.
C. They have seven lines.
D. They're hard to write.

How do poems like Ode on a Grecian Urn most probably sound？ ______

A. Funny.
B. Sad.
C. Relaxing.
D. Encouraging.

Who are most likely to write limericks？ ______

A. Song writers.
B. Famous poets.
C. Humorous people.
D. People admiring nature.

What's the best title for the passage？ ______

A. Topics of Poems.
B. History of Poems.
C. Origin of Poems.
D. Forms of Poems.

The English language is changing,and you are responsible!Whether we consider changes in grammar,spelling,pronunciation,or the very vocabulary of the language,you have played your part and continue to do so.When we first learned basic grammar and spelling,perhaps in elementary school,we might have gotten the impression that these things were sacred.The rules that apply to such things might have been presented as unchanging and unchangeable.While this way might be helpful for teaching children,it is far from accurate（准确的）.
The English language,like many others,is a living,growing,ever-developing thing.Like it or not,you are involved in this change.These changes take many forms.Grammar and spelling have changed greatly over the years and centuries,with the spelling differences in different countries today a reflection of this.While the language of a thousand years ago might be called English,most of us would hardly recognize it today as the same language.
The first involves changes in the pronunciation of words.Many are familiar with the differences between the British and American ways of pronouncing certain words.In addition to these differences,the pronunciation of many words has changed over the years because of how you have decided to pronounce them.For example,consider the word "err." The traditional pronunciation of this word rhymes with the word "her." Older dictionaries show this to be the primary or only pronunciation.However,in recent years,more and more people have been pronouncing it so that it sounds like "air."
Another change in the language involves the addition and removal（清除）of words.The makers of dictionaries decide which words deserve to be officially adopted as part of the English language.Through the centuries,many words have come from other languages.In fact,English has probably done this more than any other language in the world,which is why spelling and pronunciation rules for English have so many exceptions.
Of course,many slang words have been just short-lived fashions that have died out quickly.Others,though,have been adopted by mainstream society and become respectable,as have many technical terms.So then remember,the next time you repeat the newest expression to hit the street,or make up your own words,you may be contributing to the future of the English language.



When we begin to learn English,we think ______ .

A. it is interesting to pick up a new language
B. English rules are wrongly presented in fact
C. grammar and spelling rules are unchangeable
D. only adults have the ability to affect a language

From paragraph 3 we can know that ______ .

A. we can change the English language
B. many languages are changing over years
C. English has changed little in the past 1，000 years
D. there were main changes in grammar and pronunciation

Why is the pronunciation of words changing？ ______

A. Makers of dictionaries often change them.
B. People have adopted foreign words.
C. It has been affected by American English.
D. People speak in different ways.

Which of the following is the best title for the passage？ ______

A. Foreign words involved in English.
B. You can change the English language.
C. English language is changing over years.
D. The British speaks differently from Americans.

If you're looking for a reason to care about tree loss,this summer's record-breaking heat waves might be it.Trees can lower summer daytime temperatures by as much as 10 degrees Fahrenheit,according to a recent study.But tree cover in US cities is shrinking（缩减）.A study published last year by the US Forest Service found that we lost 36 million trees annually from urban and rural communities over a five-year period. "If we continue on this path,cities will become warmer,more polluted and generally unhealthier for inhabitants," said David Nowak,a senior US Forest Service scientist and co-author of the study.Nowak says there are many reasons why our tree cover is declining,including hurricanes,tornadoes,fires,insects and disease.But the one reason for tree loss that humans can control is sensible development.
Nowak says there is a downside to trees too,such as pollen allergy（花粉过敏）or large tailing branches in storms,and people don't like sweeping leaves.But,he says,there are ways cities and counties can manage trees to help communities thrive（繁荣）.Urban forests especially need our help to replace fallen trees.Unlike rural areas,it is very difficult for trees to repopulate themselves in a city environment with so much pavement and asphalt（沥青）."A lot of our native trees can't actually find a place to drop a seed so they can regenerate,explains Greg Levine,co-executive director tor Trees Atlanta. " That's why the community has to go in and actually plant a tree because the areas just aren't natural anymore.
Nowak says the first step is caring for the trees on your own property（财产）."We think we pay for our house,and so we must maintain it.But because we don't pay for nature,we don't need to.And that's not necessarily true.



Why does the author mention "trees can lower summer daytime temperatures"？ ______

A. To tell the temperatures in summer are high.
B. To explain the reason of tree loss.
C. To tell trees are helpful.
D. To introduce the topic.

How can humans control tree loss according to Nowak？ ______

A. Develop cities in reasonable ways.
B. Prevent fires form damaging trees.
C. Improve climate to let trees grow.
D. Decrease insects in cities.

Why do forests in cities need our help？ ______

A. Because trees don't grow in a city environment.
B. Because native trees don't drop seeds any more.
C. Because trees in urban areas can't regenerate naturally.
D. Because humans want to plant more trees.

What is the purpose of this passage？ ______

A. Describe the importance of trees in cities.
B. Appeal people to protect trees in their surroundings.
C. Ask people to plant trees with the author.
D. Show the number of trees in the US is declining.