选择知识点

阅读理解
C
Terrafugia Inc .said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight,bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year.The vehicle-named the Transition – has two seats，four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car.The Transition,which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.
Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don't expect it to show up in too many driveways. It's expected to cost $279,000.And it won't help if you're stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.
Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The govemment has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.
Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration's decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition,a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.
（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about?
A.The basic data of the Transition.
B.The advantages of flying cars.
C.The potential market for flying cars.
D.The designers of the Transition.
（2）Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?
A.It causes traffic jams.
B.It is difficult to operate.
C.It is very expensive.
D.It burns too much fuel.
（3）What is the govemment's attitude to the development of the flying car?
A.Cautious
B.Favorable.
C.Ambiguous.
D.Disapproving.
（4）What is the best title for the text?
A.Flying Car at Auto Show
B.The Transition's Fist Flight
C.Pilots'Dream Coming True
D.Flying Car Closer to Reality

阅读理解
D
When a leafy plant is under attack ，it doesn't sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin,reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds,VOCs for short.
Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It's a plant's way of crying out.But is anyone listening?Apparently.Because we can watch the neighbours react.
Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away.But others do double duty .They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.
In study after study,it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant,but the neighbors ,relatively speaking ,stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.
Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don't know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn't a true, intentional back and forth.
Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There's a whole lot going on.
（1）What does a plant do when it is under attack?
A.It makes noises.
B.It gets help from other plants.
C.It stands quietly
D.It sends out certain chemicals.
（2）What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?
A.The attackers get attacked.
B.The insects gather under the table.
C.The plants get ready to fight back.
D.The perfumes attract natural enemies.
（3）Scientists find from their studies that plants can       .
A.predict natural disasters
B.protect themselves against insects
C.talk to one another intentionally
D.help their neighbors when necessary
（4）what can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.The word is changing faster than ever.
B.People have stronger senses than before
C.The world is more complex than it seems
D.People in Darwin's time were imaginative.

阅读理解（每题2分）
B
I work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.
I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.
I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.
The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.
Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.
A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all — LUNCH！The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.
（1）What is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according ro paragraph 1?
A.Efforts made in vain.
B.Getting injured in his work.
C.Feeling uncertain about his future.
D.Creatures forced out of their homes.
（2）Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A.To rescue a woman.
B.To take care of a woman.
C.To look at a baby owl.
D.To cure a young owl.
（3）What made the chick calm down?
A.A new nest.
B.Some food.
C.A recording.
D.Its parents.
（4）How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A.It's unexpected.
B.It's beautiful.
C.It's humorous.
D.It's discouraging. 

阅读理解
D
A buld-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it's an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since it's all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5' 5' sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container— perhaps just a drinking cup — to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.
To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catcher's productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up — and out — the side of the hole.
Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheet's center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup.
The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and won't have to break down the still every time you need a drink.
（1）What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?
A.It's delicate.
B.It's expensive.
C.It's complex.
D.It's portable
（2）What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The tube
B.The still
C.The hole
D.The cup
（3）What's the last step of constructing a working solar still?
A.Dig a hole of a certain size
B.Put the cup in place
C.Weight the sheet's center down
D.Cover the hole with the plastic sheet
（4）When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form      .
A.the plastic tube
B.outside the hole
C.the open air
D.beneath the sheet

(2017•山东)
　　Being organized is very important. It will make your life easier and less stressful. So,how can we get organized? Here are some tips to help you.
　　The first thing you should do is to throw away，donate or sell anything you are not using.
　　The second thing you can do is to put similar things together. For example. take a look at your bookshelf and try putting all the books about each topic in a group. Then it will be easier and faster to find the book you need.
　　Another way to get organized is to put things you often use in a convenient place. Always remember to put things back after you have used them，too.
　　Finally,you should use a calendar to plan out what you need to do each month. Then at the start of every workday,write down three important tasks you want to achieve that day quickly. Put a big star next to the most important. So,before you get into the busy work,start on the important task and see it through to the end. Making to-do lists is a great way to help you to do this. You can write your lists or even use an app on your cell phone.
　　So，what are you waiting for? It's time to get organized.
(1) If you get organized，your life will be ______.
A. harder B. easier C. more disappointing D. more stressful
(2) What's The best way to deal with the things you often use according to the text?
A. To sell them. B. To throw them away
C. To donate them. D. To put them in a convenient place
(3) What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 5?
A. An important task. B. A calendar. C. A big star D. A to-do list.
(4) Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
A. Putting things back after using. B. Putting similar things together.
C. Buying a big bookshelf. D. Using a calendar to plan.
(5) Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. How to use a calendar. B. Tips on reading books.
C. How to get organized. D. A plan about important tasks.

(2017•山东)
　　What do you usually do in your spare time? Last week，I did a survey on students' activities in their spare time. There were 160 students taking part in the survey. Here are the results.
How often do you watch TV?

A. Sometimes；when I find something interesting
B. Often；I like watching TV.
C. Every day；I can't live without a TV.
How often do you surf the Internet?

A. Sometimes；when I need to look for something.
B. Often；I enjoy surfing the internet
C. Every day: I can't live without the Internet.
How many times do you exercise in a week?

A. Once a week.
B. Twice a week.
C. Never.
What volunteer activities do you often do?

A. Collecting rubbish.
B. Helping at a nursing home.
C. Looking after left-behind children.
(1) How many students watch TV every day?
A. About 28. B. About 35 C. About 45. D. About 55.
(2) How many students surf the Internet every day?
A.30. B.48. C. 57. D. 160.
(3) How many times do most of the students exercise in a week?
A. Once a week. B. Twice a week. C. Three times a week. D. Never.
(4) Which of the following volunteer activities is not mentioned in the text?
A. Planting trees. B. Helping at a nursing home.
C. Looking after left-behind children. D. Collecting rubbish.
(5) Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The writer did the survey among 180 students.
B. 34% of the students can't live without the internet.
C. There are no students doing volunteer activities.
D. Some students watch TV when they find something inter

阅读理解
C
After years of heated debate, gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park. Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park. By last year, the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves.
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around.
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results. Deer and elk populations — major food sources (来源) for the wolf – grew rapidly. These animals consumed large amounts of vegetation (植被), which reduced plant diversity in the park. In the absence of wolves, coyote populations also grew quickly. The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park' s red foxes, and completely drove away the park' s beavers.
As early as 1966,biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park.They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems.Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets.
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves. The U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone. Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone. Elk,deer,and coyote populations are down,while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback.The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.
（1）What is the text mainly about?
A.Wildlife research in the United States.
B.Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area.
C.The conflict between farmers and gray wolves.
D.The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park.
（2）What does the underlined word “displaced” in paragraph 2 mean?
A.Tested.
B.Separated.
C.Forced out.
D.Tracked down.
（3）What did the disappearance of gray wolves bring about？
A.Damage to local ecology.
B.A decline in the park's income.
C.Preservation of vegetation.
D.An increase in the variety of animals.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project？
A.Doubtful.
B.Positive.
C.Disapproving.
D.Uncaring.

阅读理解
D
The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and to discover where the key stress points are.
Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more isolated(隔绝) and inactive.
Led by Professor Phil Blythe, the Newcastle team are developing in-vehicle technologies for older drivers which they hope could help them to continue driving into later life.
These include custom-made navigation(导航) tools, night vision systems and intelligent speed adaptations. Phil Blythe explains: “For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom to get out and about without having to rely on others.”
“But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. The result is that people stop driving before they really need to.”
Dr Amy Guo, the leading researcher on the older driver study, explains, “The DriveLAB is helping us to understand what the key points and difficulties are for older drivers and how we might use technology to address these problems. “For example, most of us would expect older drivers always go slower than everyone else but surprisingly, we found that in 30mph zones they struggled to keep at a constant speed and so were more likely to break the speed limit and be at risk of getting fined. We're looking at the benefits of systems which control their speed as a way of preventing that.
“We hope that our work will help with technological solutions(解决方案) to ensure that older drivers stay safer behind the wheel.”
（1）What is the purpose of the DriveLAB?
A.To explore newmeans of transport.
B.To design new types of cars.
C.To find out older driver`s problems.
D.To teach people traffic rules.
（2）Why is driving important for older people according to Phil Blythe?
A.It keeps them independent.
B.It helps them save time.
C.It builds up their strength.
D.It cures their mental illnesses.
（3）What do researchers hope to do for older drivers?
A.Improve their driving skills.
B.Develop driver-assist technologles.
C.Provide tips on repairing their cars.
D.Organize regular physical checkups.
（4）What is the best title for the text?
A.A new Model Electric Car
B.A Solution to Traffic Problem
C.Driving Service for elders
D.Keeping Older Drivers on the Road

阅读理解
Whether you love happy endings or a dark reality in TV dramas,you could soon be able to decide what you get. Netflix,the TV-streaming company behind hit shows such as The Crown and House Of Cards,is working on ways to give viewers control of key plot decisions.
Some of the storylines will be simple and linear,like the Choose Your Own Adventure books that many grew up with.For example,viewers might decide whether a prisoner in the drama Orange Is The New Black joins a gang (黑帮) or not.
The technology could also potentially be used to allow Princess Margaret to marry Peter Townsend in The Crown,instead of having her relationship with the divorcee (离婚者) blocked by the Establishment.Other storylines will be much more complex,allowing viewers to connect plot points in a variety of ways using their TV remotes.
A source said,"We're doing work on branch narratives (叙事) so you are actually making choices as you watch. All the content will be there,and then people will have to get through it in different ways.We'll see how it plays out. It's an experiment.We'll see if it gets much success.For creators,it's a new field."
Actors would film numerous alternate plot segments (片段) in advance,letting viewers choose which route to take through the story.Netflix will run a trial with choose-your-own-adventure shows for children later this year, based on an established character.If they are successful,it will use the format for TV programmes aimed at adults. Netflix president Reed Hastings confirmed that the company is working on interactive shows,saying,"Once you have got interactivity,you can try anything."
At least five million UK households are thought to be signed up to Netflix,and it is challenging traditional broadcasters.Earlier this year,BBC boss Lord Hall promised to reinvent the iPlayer so that it overtakes Netflix as a destination in its own right,rather than a catch-up service.
（1）How will viewers connect plot points?
A.By using their TV remotes.
B.By taking part in TV programs.
C.By interacting with actors or actresses.
D.By participating in filming plot segments.
（2）Why will Netflix run choose-your-own-adventure shows for children?
A.To attempt to create another hit show.
B.To compete with traditional broadcasters.
C.To attract as many children viewers as possible.
D.To test whether their creative ideas are successful.
（3）What's Reed Hastings' attitude to interactive shows?
A.Confident.
B.Doubtful.
C.Negative.
D.Worried.
（4）What's the author's purpose of writing this text?
A.To advertise for Netflix company.
B.To recommend some English hit shows.
C.To predict future development in filming.
D.To introduce the latest technology in TV dramas.

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
C
Every year, hundreds of millions of Monarch Butterflies(黑脉金斑蝶) from Canada and the United States journey as far as 2, 500 miles to the forests of Michoacan, Mexico, a place which has the world's largest insect migration(迁移). It's such a breathtaking sight, but as always, human greed is threatening to destroy it.
The Monarch Butterflies start to arrive in Michoacan in late October to make their winter home in the trees high up in the mountains of the natural reserve. Once there, they gather together in large masses. These masses often become so heavy that they cause tree branches to bend or even break. But there's a purpose of all these massing — it allows the butterflies to survive in the low nighttime temperatures at these high altitudes.
The Michoacan Monarch Butterfly Sanctuary is most impressive during the months of February and March, just before the winged insects begin their long journey home.
Mexico's Butterfly Forest is a shelter protected by law, and one of the country's most popular sights, but that hasn't stopped people from slowly but steadily destroying it.
Illegal woodcutting in the heart of the Monarch Butterfly Biosphere Reserve has been a longstanding problem, but criminals are rarely brought to justice. They are often set free after paying some money.
Just last month, an even greater threat rose in Michoacan's butterfly home. The country's largest mining corporation gained the right to reopen an old mine in the heart of the monarch reserve. Experts believe that if the mine is reopened, it will likely spell the end of this magical place.
And as if all this wasn't bad enough, the increasing use of herbicides（除草剂） in the American corn belt has led to the decrease of a plant which is essential to the monarchs' development from egg into butterfly.
（1）When do the Monarch Butterflies fly back to Canada?
A.In January.
B.In March.
C.In October.
D.In December.
（2）What does the underlined word ＂it＂ in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A.The weather.
B.The reserve.
C.The massing.
D.The forest.
（3）What can we know about the protection of Monarch Butterflies in Mexico?
A.It is very satisfying.   
B.It should be strengthened.
C.It cost the government a lot.
D.It has saved many butterflies. 
（4）What can we infer from the last two paragraphs?
A.Monarch Butterflies have a worrying future.  
B.America has many mines waiting for exploration.
C.Monarch Butterflies live in the centre of an old mine.
D.The use of herbicides will let Monarch Butterflies lay fewer eggs.