选择知识点

With the start of a new term， the students around the country change their funny and fashionable clothes for boring school uniforms． But not all schools are fashion deserts． Colorful sports shoes， school bags， Tshirts and even drink containers are breathing life into campuses．
"The uniform makes us look like a bunch of clones， especially when we are doing morning exercises on the play ground，" said Qing Pei， a Senior 2 from Shanghai Qihao High School． "But the boys wear different sports shoes and girls have different decorations in their hair． These are the areas where you can express yourself，"said Qing．
Although it might be strange for boys to talk about fashion， they do care about what they wear in school， especially shoes， according to Qing．
"Nike and Addidas basketball shoes， although they are still the musthave items for many of my friends， are becoming outofdate，" Qing added． He explained that "Since Liu Xiang ran so fast in Athens， running shoes are becoming popular in this autumn．"
"Still in fashion are the various baseball caps and Americanstyle Tshirts with random （随意的）English words printed on them，" said Qing． "The accuracy of the written message is not important． Often， the words are misspelt． Sometimes they do not even make sense，" Qing said with a smile．
In spite of sports shoes and Tshirts， styles and colors of school bags are another opportunity for students to show their tastes in fashion． Some bags are made quite eyecatching by decorating （装饰） them with small hanging dolls．
Another fashionable item is the colorful drink container， which is now popular among girls this term．
"Some teachers are surprised to see a teenager sucking a bottle like this at school and criticized it as a childish regression （退化）． But some girls just love it，" said Yang Rui， a Senior 3 from High School attached to Xi" an Jiaotong Univeristy．
Not only in China， the new term in the US also brings new fashion trends： shirts printed with Chinese words， necklaces with Hebrew or Hindi characters， and Brazilian jewelry， are all common in schools in Florida， according to Carmen Doningues， a high school student．



Which of the following is not the way girls show their personality at campuses？ ______

A. They wear different sport shoes．
B. They take stylish and colorful school bags．
C. They have different decorations in their hair．
D. They drink water from colorful drink containers．

What are becoming fashionable for schoolboys in this autumn according to this news story？ ______

A. Nike and Addidas basketball shoes．
B. Baseball caps and Americanstyle Tshirts．
C. Colorful drink containers．
D. Running shoes．

The underlined word "they" in paragraph 5 refers to ______ ．

A. Americanstyle Tshirts．
B. The English words on the Tshirts．
C. Baseball caps．
D. The students around the country．

Which conclusion of the following is WRONG？ ______

A. Students go to extremes in dressing．
B. Students also like to follow fashion trend．
C. Students nowedays like to be more individual．
D. Students don't care much whether the words printed on baseball caps or Tshirts make sense or not．

Square dance is an American pastime． It started in America， during the California Gold Rush． Having been a popular folk tradition since 1651， it grew out of different kinds of traditional dances from around the world． In those days， men and women worked in groups to build a house or harvest crops． When the work was done， they usually danced merrily and happily in a store or in a farm kitchen．
In this dance eight people work as a team， called a square， to successfully complete a set of complex （复杂的） dance figures that are delivered by a caller， who calls out the movements． Four couples stand facing the center of the square， each couple standing on one side of the square， the man on the left and the woman on the right．
Large or small numbers of people can dance at one time． Sometimes 800 or 1， 000 people may dance at the same time． Or there may be only one square of eight people．
Costumes are worn by those people when they're dancing． This makes the dance more colorful to watch． Women often wear full skirts of different colors with a pretty blouse． Men may have colored shirts and western trousers， which they wear only when squaredancing． In some country areas， everyone wears his best clothes．
Square dance still exists today， ever since President Ronald Reagan signed an Act of congress in 1982 making square dancing the National Folk Dance of America． Many schools teach square dance in Physical Education， and there are square dance in Physical Education， and there are square dance competitions． In all parts of the United States you will find some schools， clubs， or other groups that are dancing the square dance for fun．



In the early times poeple danced ______ ．

A. after they did something special
B. when they were harvesting the crops
C. after they finished their work
D. when they were playing games

What's the exact meaning of the underlined word "costumes" in Paragraph 4？ ______

A. Special clothes people wear on some occasion．
B. Clothes people wear when working．
C. Something worn on the finger．
D. Something valuable like jewels．

What's the best title of the passage？ ______

A. Square Dancing in Ancient America．
B. Square Dancing in America．
C. A Special Party-Square Dancing．
D. Square Dancing Is Popular．

Why are photos and videos of cats high-fiving suddenly popping up on social media？
Ask Jackson Galaxy， who launched Cat Pawsitive last year， a program that encourages animal shelters to teach cats how to do tricks to make them more attractive for adoption．
The idea is simple． A kitty that can sit on command or give a high five shows that it can listen to instructions and connect with others． A high five can make a shy cat open up， Galaxy said．
"Big life changes can lead to cats losing their confidence， and we help those cats to feel more confident and to feel safe interacting with new people．" Christie Rogero， program manager for Cat Pawsitive， said．
And Stephen Holdeman， training manager at the KC Pet Project， added： "All we need to train a cat to do tricks is the right amount of patience， timing and motivation．" He uses a technique called "operant conditioning （操作性条件反射）"， which associates a cat's action with getting a reward such as a favorite food or treat．
He also uses a clicker-a training device that makes a clicking noise． "In the initial stage， we get the cat used to the idea that when it hears the sound of the clicker， one of its favorite treats appears． After we have bridged these two ideas together we can use the clicker to reinforce different actions the cat does to let it know that if it repeats the action， it will get a treat．"
After several repetitions， the cat starts to link everything together． Now all you need to do is let your extended hand be the target， and we've got a high five．



According to the text， how can learning tricks benefit cats at animal shelters？ ______

A. It is a good way for shelters to raise money．
B. It allows them to pick up skills to stay safe．
C. It helps them interact more with each other．
D. It helps them build confidence and get adopted．

According to the text， what should be done from the start to train cats to learn tricks？ ______

A. Teaching them different actions．
B. Teaching them how to use a clicker．
C. Making them patient enough to repeat actions．
D. Helping them connect the sound of a clicker with treats．

What does the underlined word "reinforce" in paragraph 6 probably mean？ ______

A. record
B. strengthen
C. ignore
D. reward

What is the main purpose of the article？ ______

A. To explain how to train cats to perform tricks．
B. To show how cats are treated at animal shelters．
C. To describe the popularity of cats on social media．
D. To inform us of a program that trains cats to do tricks．

When I was three years old， I couldn't speak． It was a strange reality that none of the doctors I visited could understand．
One day， I was shadowing（跟随）my mother． She found herself looking in a mirror， and through it our eyes met． She began to speak to me through the reflection， and I slowly began to mimic（模仿）her mouth's movements until I formed a word．
It turned out I'm deaf in my left ear， and have a slight problem in my right． Being hard of hearing has been difficult， but I've never lived in a state of self-hating sorrow．
Imagine being able to shut out all sound as you lay your head down to sleep by simply rolling over onto one side． That's my reality when I sleep on my "good ear"， and it makes me feel like a superhero sometimes．
People call my deaf side my "bad ear"， but when I wear my hearing aid， I have access to a range of features that some other deaf people don't． In cinemas， for example， with one click of a button I can enjoy a whole film as though it were whispered to me from the mouths of the actors．
Owning a hearing aid hasn't always felt good， however． On the first day I got my aid， when I was eight， I took it to school for show-and-tell． As I explained how it worked to my classmates， a boy yelled out， "Aren't those for old men？" At that moment， I felt different． It took me a long time to get over that sense of being so unlike my peers．
But it's not just school kids who can make us deaf and hard-of-hearing people feel like burdens． Every video on social media that lacks subtitles（字幕）， for example， means an entire community of deaf people is unable to enjoy it． Completely deaf people are excluded from enjoying many movies too， as subtitles in cinemas are almost impossible to find．
And with hearing aids costing around $2，500 each， it can be hard for many people to afford to be able to listen to the things that others take for granted． As for me， I can listen to music， enjoy films， and catch conversations - I'm lucky． I'm deaf， but I can still hear everything． I've been blessed with wonderful life experiences， and I am human． And when it comes to sleeping， I'm even superhuman．



How does the author view his hearing difficulty？ ______

A. It's a disaster and causes him a lot of trouble．
B. It gave him a chance to experience something special．
C. It made him feel embarrassed in front of his classmates．
D. It helped him to live in his own world without being interrupted．

What can be inferred from the passage about the author？ ______

A. He was born deaf．
B. He is optimistic and helpful．
C. The hearing aid brings convenience to his daily life．
D. His family and classmates have supported him a lot．

What is the author's attitude toward his life？ ______

A. Excited．
B. Anxious．
C. Grateful．
D. Disappointed．

What is the author's main purpose in writing the article？ ______

A. To give advice on life to disabled people．
B. To show how difficult life is for disabled people．
C. To show the convenience a hearing aid could bring．
D. To share his experience of treating a disadvantage with gratitude．

Brian Hamilton's life changed in a prison when he was accompanying his friend， Reverend Robert J． Harris， who often went to local prisons to do his work． During the visit， Hamilton started talking to one of the prisoners and asked what he was going to do when he got out．
"He said he was going to get a job，" Hamilton recalls（回忆）． "I thought to myself， wow， that's going to be difficult with a criminal background．"
The conversation made Hamilton consider how prisoners could benefit from entrepreneurship， something he thought about for years． Finally in 2008， 16 years after that initial conversation， Hamilton created Inmates to Entrepreneurs， a nonprofit organization that helps people with criminal backgrounds start their own small businesses． "Harris and I taught our first course at a prison called ‘ How to Start Your Own Business When You Get Out" ，" he recalls．
At the time， Hamilton was building his own company， Sageworks． As Sageworks grew， so did Hamilton" s time spent teaching at prisons throughout North Carolina．
Eventually， Hamilton decided it was time to change his focus to his true passion． In May 2018， he sold his stake（股份） in Sageworks， focusing his commitment on Inmates to Entrepreneurs．
"Now， anyone is able to access the curriculum， either to become an instructor to go into prisons to teach it or to access it for themselves as a prisoner or part of the general population，" Hamilton explains． In addition， he visits middle schools and presents the curriculum to at-risk students as a preventative measure against crime．
The free curriculum is funded by the recently established Brian Hamilton Foundation， which offers assistance to military members as they adjust to civilian life and provides loans to small businesses． "We're giving prisoners something they can do independent of a system that isn't working for them． If you can let people know that other people care about them， it makes a difference．"



Why did Brian Hamilton think the prisoner couldn't easily find a job after getting out？ ______

A. He didn't have any special skills．
B. He would have his criminal background with him．
C. He would break the criminal law again and again．
D. He couldn't access the courses provided by the prison．

What does the underlined word "entrepreneurship" in paragraph 3 probably mean？ ______

A. Thinking of a good idea after working hard for years．
B. Trying one's best because of being kept in a small place．
C. Making money by starting or running one's own businesses．
D. Having a job in a profitable company owned by the government．

What does the text say about Inmates to Entrepreneurs？ ______

A. It often assists military members．
B. It provides loans to small businesses．
C. It's independent of the social system．
D. Its curriculum has been largely broadened．

What is the main idea of the text？ ______

A. A man made a fruitless visit to the prison．
B. A man sold his business to teach prisoners．
C. A man realized his dream of being a teacher．
D. A man successfully created two organizations．

I always feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations． When my three children were young，most days it was hard to keep my house from becoming a battlefield．
It got worse as they grew older． Three years ago，Zack，then 16，couldn't make it through a day without making his sisters，Alex 11 and Taryn 9，angry．
My husband and I tried to be understanding the boy at such an age． We reasoned，punished，and left heartfelt notes on his bed about how he was hurting our family． His answer was "I say it because it's true．"
I even tried telling the girls to fight back． Bad idea． Now I had three children at war． Whatever I said to them，they paid no attention． When there was no way out，I told everything to my sister，Mary，in an email． She replied，"Don't email me． Email him．"
Our son was online every day，mailing and talking with his friends． Maybe he would actually hear me this way． I didn't say anything different，but email just took the tension away． There'd be no shouting or door banging． Zack wouldn't feel under attack．
Zack didn't reply for days． When he finally did，his entire message was four small words． I smiled when I read them："You're right． I'm sorry．"
The children still fought，of course，but Zack changed． Best of all，I now have a better way to talk with not one but three of them． I like it that they don't tune me out as much as they used to． They like not having to listen to me shouting to them． Or as Alex says，"You're so much nicer online．"
All I know is that the house is quiet． But we're talking．



What was the trouble before the online talk in the family？ ______

A. The writer failed to understand her daughters．
B. The children couldn't get along peacefully．
C. The family found it difficult to keep the house clean．
D. The parents were not willing to talk with their children．

The writer emailed her sister ______ ．

A. to escape from the problem
B. hoping she'd email the boy
C. asking about childraising
D. to tell her about the family problem

Why does the writer feel sorry for world leaders busy dealing with fights between nations？ ______

A. Because she doesn't think the leaders are successful．
B. Because she can understand that the leaders" job is hard．
C. Because she doesn't think fights can be stopped．
D. Because she has nothing to do with the leaders．

My 11-year-old daughter has been awarded an academic scholarship to a private school． It's only a modest discount， but the scholarship means she'll bypass the snaking waiting list-provided my husband and I can fund the ﹩20，000 a year． Should we pay the private school fees， or choose free education instead？
I always assumed my children would go to private school， like I did． Not because my family is wealthy， but because I believe that the best education is private． It took years for me to make peace with the fact that my two children attended our local public primary school． They'll go to a private high school， I told myself． Yet here we are， My eldest is now in her last year of primary school， and my husband and I will struggle to afford private school． If so， I could increase my work hours． My law degree was supposed to be my ticket to a good job and a solid income， but that's not quite how it turned out．
During many sleepless nights， I felt troubled by the decision． Although I want the best for my daughter， I have my own dreams too． I can't sacrifice everything for my precious girl． I explain that I want to be a positive role model for my daughter， and an unhappy parent is terrible strain on a family． I point out that not even the privilege of private school will protect my children from disappointment or struggle． And finally， it's decided． My daughter is going to the public school behind our home． She couldn't be more pleased．
It's taken me a little longer， but now I'm content． More than my fancy private school education， it's my family that shaped me． With high school now 25 years in the past， I can no longer remember the mathematical problems and Shakespearean quotes I once knew so perfectly． The lessons from my childhood home． however， have proved impossible to forget．



From the passage we know that ______ ．

A. the scholarship her daughter won could cover most of her school fees
B. her two children attended their local private primary school
C. the writer had a good job and a sold income
D. it took a long time for her to make the final decision

Why did the writer want her daughter to go to a private school at first？ ______

A. Because her daughter earned an academic scholarship．
B. Because she wanted her daughter to receive the best education．
C. Because she wanted her daughter to skip the waiting list．
D. Because her daughter's potential was wasted at the public primary school．

The underlined word "strain" in Paragraph 3 refers to ______ ．

A. anger
B. comfort
C. burden
D. relief

What does the passage indicate？ ______

A. Parents should make every sacrifice for their children．
B. Finance should be taken into account when it comes to education．
C. Private school education is not as good as public school education．
D. Rather than school education， family influences a person most．

Not all memories are sweet． Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences． Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars． Often they relive these experiences in nightmares（噩梦）．
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill，which will help people forget bad memories． The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience． They hope it might reduce，or possibly wipe out the effect of painful memories．
In November，experts tested a drug on people in the US and France． The drug stops the body releasing（释放）chemicals that fix memories in the brain． So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced，not that the memories are wiped out．
The research has caused a great deal of argument． Some think it is a bad idea，while others support it． Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers" troubling memories after war． They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories．
"Some memories can ruin people's lives． They come back to you when you don't want to have them in a daydream or nightmare． They usually come with very painful emotions，" said Roger Pitman， a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School．"This could relieve a lot of that suffering．"
But those who are against the research say that maybe the pill can change people's memories and that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity． They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past．
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were terrible at the time but make us who we are． I'm not sure whether we want to wipe those memories out， "said Rebecca Dresser， a medical ethicist．



The passage is mainly about ______ ．

A. a new medical invention
B. a new research on the pill
C. a way of wiping out painful memories
D. an argument about the research on the pill

The drug tested on people can ______ ．

A. cause the brain to fix memories
B. stop people remembering bad experiences
C. stop the body producing certain chemicals
D. wipe out the emotional effects of memories

You may probably read the passage in ______ ．

A. a guidebook
B. a medical magazine
C. a textbook
D. science fiction

Few of us haven't read Cinderella，the story of a young woman living in poverty who meets the prince of her dreams． Some might not want to admit it，but there is a hidden Cinderella in everyone's heart-we all wish we could achieve recognition or success after a period of obscurity （默默无闻）or neglect．
Mary Santiago has that secret dream，too． Her story is featured in Another Cinderella Story， a film set in a US high school．
Mary is shy but loves to dance． Compared with other girls，she is invisible． However，her world changes completely when a famous teenage pop singer， Joey Parker，appears．
Joey is everything the rest of the boys in her class are not-kind， handsome and desirable． Mary and Joey's paths cross at a ball． They meet and fall in love with each other． But when Mary has to rush back home，she leaves behind her MP3 player，which becomes the only clue Joey has to find the girl of his dreams． Of course， there is a wicked （邪恶的）stepmother，who turns out to be Dominique Blatt and she takes in Mary after her dancer mother dies． Dominique treats Mary like a maid and does everything she can to make sure Mary doesn't get into the top dance school． Her two daughters are equally determined to stop Joey falling for Mary，even if that means embarrassing her．
The story，though it mostly follows Cinderella，does add a few modern day twists to the classic fairy tale． Refreshingly， the film， unlike many high school films，does not focus on looks，although the actors are all beautiful． There is also a lot less materialism in Another Cinderella Story than in many similar movies．
"The movie takes the Cinderella fairytale as its jumping off point，"writes movie critic Amber Wilkinson．"The focus is firmly on following your dream．"



The first paragraph is mainly to ______ ．

A. build interest and lead us to Mary's secret dream
B. remind us why Cinderella is so popular all the years
C. inform us of the main topic of the whole passage
D. tell us how interesting the fairy tale Cinderella is

What can we infer from the passage？ ______

A. Joey is just like other boys in Mary's class．
B. Mary's mother influences her a lot in singing．
C. Not many people have a dream to be realized．
D. The MP3 player helps Joey in finding Mary．

The passage is mainly ______ ．

A. an introduction to a film
B. a review about a film
C. an essay about dreams
D. an advertisement of Cinderella

According to the passage，Another Cinderella Story ______ ．

A. follows Cinderella with nothing new
B. pays more attention to the looks of the actors
C. encourages young people to follow their dreams
D. focuses more on materialism than other films

A year after graduation， I was offered a position teaching a writing class． Teaching was a profession I had never seriously considered，though several of my stories had been published． I accepted the job without hesitation， as it would allow me to wear a tie and go by the name of Mr． Davis． My father went by the same name，and I liked to imagine people getting the two of us confused．"Wait a minute，" someone might say， "are you talking about Mr． Davis the retired man， or Mr． Davis the respectable scholar？"
The position was offered at the last minute，and I was given two weeks to prepare，a period I spent searching for briefcase（公文包） and standing before my fulllength mirror，repeating the words， "Hello， class． I'm Mr． Davis．" Sometimes I would give myself an aggressive voice． Sometimes I would sound experienced． But when the day eventually came，my nerves kicked in and the true Mr． Davis was there． I sounded not like a thoughtful professor， but rather a 12-year-old boy．
I arrived in the classroom with paper cards designed in the shape of maple leaves． I had cut them myself out of orange construction paper． I saw nine students along a long table． I handed out the cards， and the students wrote down their names and fastened them to their breast pockets as I required．
"All right then，" I said．"Okay，here we go．" Then I opened my briefcase and realized that I had never thought beyond this moment． I had been thinking that the students would be the first to talk，offering their thoughts and opinions on the events of the day． I had imagined that I would sit at the edge of the desk，overlooking a forest of hands． Every student would yell．"Calm down， you'll all get your turn． One at a time，one at a time！"
A terrible silence ruled the room，and seeing no other opinions，I inspected the students to pull out their notebooks and write a brief essay related to the theme of deep disappointment．



The author took the job to teach writing because ______ ．

A. he wanted to be respected
B. he had written some stories
C. he wanted to please his father
D. he had dreamed of being a teacher

What can we learn about the author from Paragraph 2？ ______

A. He would be aggressive in his first class．
B. He was wellprepared for his first class．
C. He got nervous upon the arrival of his first class．
D. He waited long for the arrival of his first class．

Before he started his class，the author asked the students to ______ ．

A. write down their suggestions on the paper cards
B. cut maple leaves out of the construction paper
C. cut some cards out of the construction paper
D. write down their names on the paper cards

What did the students do when the author started his class？ ______

A. They began to talk．
B. They stayed silent．
C. They raised their hands．
D. They shouted to be heard．