选择知识点

It's hard to talk to dad sometimes． His silence about his feelings and thoughts made him mysterious
and hard to see through． You could never break his hard shell and get to know him， And he seemed to
want to stay that way too．
But a year ago when my relationship with my wife and career took a hit， I needed my dad to pull back the curtain so I could see him as real and accessible． I was facing serious problems and I wanted to know whether he had faced them before and how he had found his way， because I felt like I had lost mine． In desperation， it occurred to me that sending an email might be the key， so I wrote him one， from blowing soil away． They also keep the windtelling him about my regrets and fears， and I asked him to answer， if he felt like it．
Two weeks later， it showed up in my inbox： a much-thought， three-page letter． Dad， a 68-year-old retired technologist and grandfather of four， had carefully considered my message， and crafted a response． He mentioned his lost love， the foolish mistake he made in career and the stupid pride he had between him and his parents． He comforted me that "life will still find its right track despite many of its twists and turns．"
I closed the email and started to cry， because I wished I had opened up earlier but was grateful it wasn't too late． I cried because at 33， in the midst of my own struggles， his letter instantly put me at ease．And I cried because in the end， it was so simple： I just had to hit "Send．"
We've since had many email exchanges． This increasing communication opened a door into his world． My problems haven't been magically solved， but getting to know my dad better has made the tough stuff more manageable and life sweeter． It's hard to talk to dad sometimes， but I'm glad I found a way．



The author's dad can be best described as ______ ．

A. selfish and lonely
B. optimistic and careless
C. quiet and caring
D. indifferent and serious

What can be a suitable title for the text？ ______

A. Communication Is the Best policy
B. AMan of Few Words
C. Emails From My Dad
D. My Mysterious Dad

The underlined part in Paragraph 2 can be best replaced by " ______ "．

A. show his true self
B. become more optimistic
C. draw the curtain
D. clear the misunderstanding

Which of the following is NOT true？ ______

A. I wished I could have consulted him earlier．
B. I was moved when reading the email．
C. The email contained much information．
D. My dad's email was quickly written．

Germans have a word wanderlust which translated into English would be ‘the desire to wander"． Nowadays the chance to travel is endless． Thanks to cheap air tickets， travelling abroad is very easy and sometimes it's even cheaper to fly out of the country than to travel within your own． So， yes， travelling is cheap but there have to be other reasons to travel and you've right， there are plenty!
I have always had this feeling of wanderlust． It started from me wanting to explore my local woods at the back of my garden as a young girl and as I have grown， so has my sense of adventure． And I found my local woods being replaced with the Brazil wetland， Pantanal， where I went last summer in search of jaguars， snakes and crocodiles． The thing with travelling is it's always different． Even if you went to the same country， to the same town and stayed in the exact same hotel it would be a completely different experience． The people you meet will be different， and they will tell you their own travelling stories： stories of holiday romance， holiday worries and stories that seem so outrageous that you can hardly believe them until something similar happens to you．
Or maybe the difference is you？ Maybe you have changed since last time you were there？ And that's the thing with travelling - it changes you． When you travel you are forced to experience a new culture． Whether it's eating guinea pig， or staying with a family where neither of you speak a common language and you have to communicate through hand actions and smiles， the experience gives me itchy feet to do it all again． And although wanderlust is a German word， the English idiom "to have itchy feet" has a similar idea． Someone who has itchy feet needs to leave or travel． This desire to explore is found not only in language but in us．



According to Paragraph 2， what is the most important part of travelling？ ______

A. You can have different experiences．
B. You can hear many travelling stories．
C. You will experience holiday romance．
D. You are able to take more adventures．

The underlined word "outrageous" in Paragraph 2 probably means ______ ．

A. interesting
B. surprising
C. moving
D. disappointing

What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refer to？ ______

A. Staying with a family without common languages．
B. Communicating through hand actions and smiles．
C. Eating guinea pig with a family．
D. Experiencing a different culture．

The writer wrote the passage in order to ______ ．

A. give various reasons for travelling
B. encourage people to travel abroad
C. explain the German word "wanderlust"
D. share the writer's travelling experiences

Many teens make risky decisions， such as careless driving or too much drinking． Some of those choices can kill them． Teens may behave in this way because they don't know the possibility of a bad result． Or they may do it because they don't care． In fact， a new study suggests that the second choice is the more likely one．
Wouter van den Bos and Ralph Hertwig are psychologists at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development in Berlin， Germany． They study how people search out information and make decisions according to what they have learned and made an experiment to see if they could solve why teens behave this way． They recruited（招募）105 people， all from 8 to 22 years old． By including different ages， the researchers could test how behavior changes from childhood through to young adulthood．
All played a kind of game． Over and over， they had to choose between taking a guaranteed（确保的）prize of five euros or turning a wheel． The wheel was divided into 10 parts． Some were orange， others blue． If the wheel stopped turning on an orange part， the player won or lost money． This could be between 3 and 32 euros． But if the wheel stopped on a blue part， they got nothing． Each of them played the game 108 times．
①The flve-euro choice was a guaranteed win． It had no risk． However， players who chose to turn the wheel had anywhere from a 10- to 90- percent chance of winning - or losing money． So turning the wheel was a risky choice．
②Teens were more likely to turn the wheel， van den Bos and Hertwig found． The teens didn't care about the lack of information on the risk they were taking． Children and adults， however， avoided those uncertain situations． Instead， they chose the guaranteed reward in the game．
③"In the teenage years， there is a lot to explore and to learn by exploration，" van den Bos says． Many experiences are new， he says， and teens don't know how they will turn out． "Many of situations are not dangerous and are helpful in becoming an independent adult． So in general， this seems to be good for them，" he says．
④But， he warns， it's also good to consider whether a behavior may have very harmful results． Where that's the case， he points out， teens should stop to think before they act．
The results are exciting， says Valerie Reyna． A psychologist at Cornell University in Ithaca， N．Y．， she was not involved with the new work． "The most important part of this research is the careful use of lab tasks that separate exploring the unknown from taking risks，" she says．



According to the passage， teens prefer to behave in a risky way because ______ ．

A. they don't care much about the result
B. they don't know the possible result
C. they try to avoid uncertain situations
D. they care about the guaranteed prize

Which of the following is TRUE about the experiment？ ______

A. It studies how people search out information and make risky decisions．
B. Valerie Reyna was excited because she took part in the experiment．
C. People of different ages were included to see how behavior changes．
D. Teens were able to win money when wheels stopped on orange parts．

The researchers think that teens" choices ______ ．

A. are too risky
B. have both good and bad sides
A．do them good
D． have no effect on their life

The sentence "Teenagers" risk-taking behavior is meaningful．" should be best placed in ______ ．

A. ①
B. ②
C. ③
D. ④

Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money． Strange as it may seem， if you're unsatisfied， the issue is not a lack of means to meet your desires but a lack of desires----not that you cannot satisfy your tastes but that you don't have enough tastes．
Real riches consist of well-developed and hearty capacities to enjoy life． Most people are already swamped with things． They eat， wear， go and talk too much． They live in too big a house with too many rooms， yet their house of life is a hut．
Your house of life ought to be a mansion， a royal palace． Every new taste， every additional interest， every fresh enthusiasm adds a room． Here are several rooms your house of life should have．
Art should be a desire for you to develop simply because the world is full of beautiful things． If you only understood how to enjoy them and feed your spirit on them， they would make you as happy as to find plenty of ham and eggs when you're hungry．
Literature， classic literature， is a beautiful， richly furnished room where you might find many an hour of rest and refreshment． To gain that love would go toward making you a rich person， for a rich person is not someone who has a library but who likes a library．
Music like Mozart's and Bach's shouldn't be absent． Real riches are of the spirit． And when you've brought that spirit up to where classical music feeds it and makes you a little drunk， you have increased your thrills and bettered them． And life is a matter of thrills．
Sports， without which you remain poor， mean a lot in life． No matter who you are． you would be more human， and your house of life would be better supported against the bad days， if you could， and did， play a bit．
Whatever rooms you might add to your house of life， the secret of enjoying life is to keep adding．



The author intends to tell us that ______ ．

A. true happiness lies in achieving wealth by fair means
B. true happiness comes from spiritual riches
C. big houses can in a sense bring richness of life
D. big houses are people's most valued possessions

The underlined sentence in Paragraph 2 probably implies that ______ ．

A. however materially rich， they never seem to be satisfied
B. however materially rich， they remain spiritually poor
C. though their house is big， they prefer a simple life
D. though their house is big， it seems to be a cage

It can be learned from the passage that ______ ．

A. more money brings more happiness
B. literature can enrich your spiritual life
C. art is needed to make your house beautiful
D. sports contribute mainly to your physical fitness

What would be the best title for the passage？ ______

A. House of Life
B. Secret of Wealth
C. Rest and Refreshment
D. Interest and Enthusiasm

How many men do housework？ Recently a European commission （委员会）tried to find out people's ideas and reactions to the women's movement． As part of their survey， they asked many men and women the question， "Who does the housework？" The men answered very differently from the women!
The housework they asked people about were： preparing meals， washing dishes， cleaning the house and babysitting． 48% of British husbands said they did these things． 37% of Danish （丹麦的）men helped in the house． But only 15% of Italian men said they did the housework； many of them said they never helped at all!
But there was an interesting point of view from the wives． According to British wives， only 38% of their husbands helped in the house． And Italian wives said that their husbands hardly ever helped． The Italian and British men did not tell the truth! The Commission found that Danish men were the most truthful husbands． Their answers were the same as their wives" answers．
Do the men you know help in the house？ Do you think the survey gives a true picture in your experience？ Write and tell us what you think．



The subject for the survey is ______ ．

A. how many boys do the housework
B. who does the housework at home
C. how many women do the housework
D. who are more diligent， wives or husbands

From the passage we can see that ______ ．

A. there were more husbands who did the housework than wives
B. wives did almost all the housework at home
C. husbands did half of the housework all the time
D. there were more wives who did the housework than husbands

More ______ husbands help in the house than ______ husbands．

A. Danish； British
B. Italian； British
C. British； Danish
D. Italian； Danish

Imagine a relay race． During this race， an athlete holds a stick as he runs a certain distance． Then he passes the stick to the next runner． That person runs faster， and then passes the stick to a third runner． Now imagine that the runners do not pass a stick． Instead they pass shiny silk， as well as gold， fruit， and glass． Imagine that the race does not move forward in just one direction． Instead the runners go back and forth along a road． They trade goods all along this route （路线） and at each end of it． Now imagine that the runners are businessmen． They lead caravans （商队） or lines of camels that carry things to sell． They travel on the ancient Silk Road to earn their living．
The Silk Road was a complex trade network． It passed through thousands of cities and towns． It stretched from eastern China， across central Asia and the Middle east， to the Mediterranean Sea． Businessmen traveled on the Silk Road from about 200 B．C． to about 1300 A．D.. Then sea travel began to offer new routes． Some people called the Silk Road the world's longest highway． However， the Silk Road included many routes--not just one smooth path． The routes ran through mountains and across deserts． They passed through an area that now includes 18 countries． The Silk Road had many dangers． These dangers ranged from hot sun and deep snow to thieves and wars． Only expert traders could survive．
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized goods． People used silk as money． They could pay taxes or buy goods with it． Traders carried more than just silk， though． They had gold， silver， and glass from Europe． People in the Middle East and Asia wanted these things． Businessmen also took horses from flat， grassy areas in central Asia and brought them to China and other areas． The horses changed the way people farmed and ran their armies． Indian businessmen traded salt and rare， beautiful stones． Chinese merchants traded medicine and china． They also traded paper， which quickly replaced animal skins in the west． Businessmen carried apples from central Asia to Rome． The Chinese had learned to combine different trees to create new kinds of fruit． They taught this science to others， such as the Romans． The Romans began to grow apples for food． The Silk Road led to worldwide commerce 2，000 years before the World Wide Web．
The people along the Silk Road did not share only goods． They also shared beliefs． Monks， priests， and other faith leaders taught their religions to others． The Silk Road created pathways for knowledge， diplomacy， and religion．



People turned to the sea for new routes after around 1300 A．D． because ______ ．

A. the Silk Road included many routes
B. the Silk Road passed through many areas
C. people traveled on the Silk Road for too long
D. there were more dangers along the Silk Road

Which of the following is closest to the meaning of the word prized in paragraph 3？ ______

A. appropriate
B. preserved
C. valuable
D. useful

Which of the following statements is WRONG？ ______

A. The Silk Road helped spread religions to more people．
B. The Silk Road gave people the idea to build highways．
C. Some people probably died while travelling．
D. Westerners probably used to write on animal skins．

In which column of a newspaper can we most probably read the article？ ______

A. Science．
B. Travel．
C. Sports．
D. Culture．

Behind most of the bad things we do to our bodies as adults， eating more than we should is the idea we carry with us from childhood． On one hand， we assume that we are indestructible． On the other hand， we think that any damage we impose on ourselves can be undone when wβfinally clean up our act．
If the evidence for how wrong the first idea is isn't apparent when you stand naked in front of the mirror， just wait． But what if you eat right and drop all your bad habits？ Is there still time to repair the damage？
To a surprising degree， the answer is yes． Over the past five years， scientists have collected a wealth of data about what happens when aging people with bad habits decide to turn their lives around．
The heartening conclusion： the body has an amazing ability to heal itself， provided the damage is not too great．
The effects of some bad habits-smoking， in particular-can haunt you for decades． But the damage from other habits can be largely healed．
"Any time you improve your behavior and make lifestyle changes， they make a difference from that point on．"says Dr． Jeffey Koplan．"Maybe not right away． It's like slamming on the brakes． You do need a certain distance．"
But the distance can be remarkably short． Consider the recent announcements from the front lines of medical research： ---A study concluded that women who consume as little as two servings of fish a week cut their risk of suffering a stroke to half that of women who eat less than one serving of fish a month． ---The day you quit smoking， the carbon monoxide levels in your body drop dramatically． Within weeks， your blood becomes less sticky and your risk of dying from a heart attack starts to decline …Adopting healthy habits won't cure all that bothers you， of course． But doctors believe that many chronic diseases-from high blood pressure to heart disease and even some cancers-can be warded off with a few sensible changes in lifestyle．
Not sure where to start？ Surprisingly， it doesn't matter， since one positive change usually leads to another． Make enough changes， and you'll discover you've adopted a new way of life．



Most people with bad habits of eating more than they should believe that ______ ．

A. their bodies cannot be damaged by the bad habits
B. they can force themselves to clean up the had habits later
C. their bodies can heal all the damage without the help from outside
D. they can never change the habits that have developed for decades

The evidence against the assumption that we are indestructible ______ ．

A. is seldom apparent
B. is clearly shown in the mirror
C. is still a question
D. will appear obvious sooner or later

According to the recent announcements ______ ．

A. women should eat as much fish as possible
B. men don't have to eat as much fish as women
C. eating a little more fish can improve women's health
D. women are at a higher risk of suffering a stroke than men

It is implied in the passage that ______ ．

A. the blood of smokers is more sticky than that of non-smokers
B. chronic diseases can be cured if we drop our habit of smoking
C. smokers have lower levels of carbon monoxide than non-smokers
D. smokers will be unlikely to die from heart attack if they quit smoking

For many people，leisure time is an opportunity to get outdoors，have some fun and meet interesting people．Add two pieces of advanced 21st century technology-global positioning system （GPS） devices and the Internet-to get"geocaching"．
The word geocaching comes from"geo"（earth） and"cache"（hidden storage）．Geocachers log onto a website to find information about the location of a cache-usually a waterproof plastic box containing small items such as toys and CDs-along with a notebook where"finders"can enter comments and learn about the cache"owner"，the person who created and hid the cache．Finders may take any of the items in the cache but are expected to replace them with something of similar value．They then visit the website again and write a message to the owner．
Geocaching became possible on May 1，2000，when a satellite system developed by the U．S．Department of Defense was made public．Using an inexpensive GPS device，anyone on earth can send a signal to the satellites and receive information about their position．This is basically a high-tech version of orienteering，the traditional pastime which uses maps and compasses instead of GPS to determine one's location．
Geocachers are a very considerate group．Owners carefully choose a cache's location to give finders an enjoyable experience，such as a beautiful view or a good campsite．They also consider the environmental impact of their cache since it could result in an increased number of visitors to an area．As for the content of the caches，owners and finders must only use items that are suitable for the whole family，as caches are found by geocachers of all ages．



According to the passage，geocaching is ______ ．

A. an outdoor leisure activity
B. a new type of technology
C. a game used to teach geography
D. a program to protect environment

How can finders learn about the cache owners？ ______

A. By meeting them．
B. By going to a website．
C. From the notebook．
D. From the satellite．

Which of the following is NOT used in geocaching？ ______

A. A GPS device．
B. A compass．
C. A plastic container．
D. The Internet．

Which of the following is true according to the passage？ ______

A. Most geocachers are adults．
B. Any item can be placed in the caches．
C. The caches should be put in a remote place．
D. Geocachers try to avoid damaging the environment．

While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly， scientists have always been a little doubtful． Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna， Austria， we finally have some convincing evidence．
For this study，biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy． Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face， while the other half given their treat for selecting those that appeared angry．
Interestingly，the dogs were not provided with the entire face． Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves． That's because the scientists believe humans show their eruptions on their entire face．
After some training on how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions，the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face，the researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions．
They also found those being trained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn． They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting， causing them to back away quickly． However， once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded， the trepidation seemed to disappear． In fact， the dogs had such a good time playing the computer "game" that scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed．
The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly． Since the touched screen models were all females，this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies -dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner．



How did the scientists conduct the experiment？ ______

A. By mixing the selected dogs together．
B. By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screen．
C. By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry．
D. By showing digital pictures of women s happy or angry faces．

The underlined word "trepidation" in Paragraph 5 probably means ______ ．

A. fear and hesitation
B. curiosity and eagerness
C. excitement and happiness
D. doubt and uncertainty

According to the last paragraph， dogs with female owners ______ ．

A. are scared away at the male faces
B. are uninterested in telling the emotions on the entire faces
C. have difficulty telling the moods on the faces of males
D. can only recognize emotions on partial faces

What is the best title for this passage？ ______

A. Mood Changes Influence Dogs
B. Dogs Identify the Moods
C. Dogs and Their Owners
D. Dogs" Mood Research

These days， it seems like everything is going digital． You can find almost everything on the Internet．
Many people find this way of life more convenient， because they can complete their daily chores（琐事） from the comfort of their own home．
Firstly， online shopping can be far less stressful than hitting the high street shops． There are no huge crowds of people or boring long queues． With online shopping， it's just you and your computer． It's like you have the whole shop to yourself! Secondly， online stores don't have opening and closing times． This is perfect for anyone with a busy schedule． If you want to， you can even place an online shopping order at three o'clock in the morning!
In the busy modern world， there are clearly many advantages to online shopping． However， in my experience， there are also several cons…With online shopping， you can't try before you buy， and that's a definite disadvantage for me． Often， when my new clothes arrive， I find they don't fit very well． It's always annoying when a dress is a little too big， or when sleeves are too short…Sometimes， the clothes are not what I was expecting． A piece of clothing might look great in photos online， but quite different in real life．
In these cases， you want to return the item， but here lies the biggest problem with online shopping． You have to pay for your order's delivery， and for an item to be returned to the warehouse! These charges are often very expensive， which suddenly make online shopping seem a little less convenient…That's why I don't choose to shop online very frequently． For now， I will continue to find the time for a trip to a real shop， where I know exactly what I'm buying!



What's the main idea of the third paragraph？ ______

A. The differences among online stores．
B. The methods of online shopping．
C. The opening time of online stores．
D. The advantages of online shopping．

Which word can replace the underlined word"cons"in the fourth paragraph？ ______

A. Comparisons．
B. Concentration．
C. Disadvantages．
D. Disagreements．

According to the author， what is the biggest problem with online shopping？ ______

A. The waste of time and electricity．
B. The expensive charges for the returned item．
C. The disadvantages of not trying before you buy．
D. The lost experience of walking in a real shop．

What's the author's attitude towards online shopping？ ______

A. Disapproval．
B. Doubtful．
C. Curious．
D. Favorable．