选择知识点

At Beaver Creek， The Extraordinary Awaits You Are no two snowflakes alike？ The snowflakes we see in the winter are most likely completely unique from one other． Beaver Creek is a great place to experience the beauty of the snow， with programs for everyone-from children， teens， and women-only lessons to small groups and private-guided experiences． First Track， from Beaver Creek Reserve， lets you be the first on the mountain， with an adventure that begins at 7：30 a．m． when you are met by ski professionals and taken on a private， guided tour-before the mountain is open to the public． Once you have skied， you are treated to a delicious breakfast at Allie's Cabin． If you are looking for a higher level of comfort there is the White Carpet Club， from Beaver Creek Reserve． Located in the heart of Beaver Creek Village， it maximizes your time on the mountain by streamlining your access to it． At the club， there are private lockers and boot dryers， along with preferred self-parking and a slope-side ski waiter． A receptionist can assist with lift tickets， pass purchases， dinner reservations， and activity recommendations． Of course， there is more to explore during the winter in Beaver Creek as well． There is ice skating， snowshoeing， shopping， and spas-you name it， Beaver Creek has it． It is the perfect place to take advantage of the snow and be in the moment， in the mountains， together． The extraordinary is a rare combination of one-of-a-kind experiences designed to be shared with service that exceeds expectation． The extraordinary brings you closer to one another and offers a special place to belong together． Belong in The Extraordinary．

First Track can offer visitors ______ ．

A. an early visit
B. an ice skating show
C. a tasty lunch
D. a free skiing lesson

What is the White Carpet Club special for？ ______

A. Skillful trainers．
B. Quiet living experience．
C. Thoughtful service．
D. Good views over the mountain．

The passage is written to ______ ．

A. attract visitors
B. compare different programs
C. appeal for sports
D. introduce training courses

Every year migratory（迁徙的） bats travel from Mexico to Bracken Cave， where they spend the summer consuming insects that would otherwise hungrily eat common food crops． But the bats have been showing up far earlier than they did two decades ago．
In a study， scientists at Rothamsted Research， an agricultural laboratory in England， used radar data from 160 U．S． weather stations to analyze activity in the Texas bat colony from 1995 through 2017． They discovered the creatures were leaving their winter quarters in Mexico earlier and reproducing sooner． They were also astonished to find increasing numbers of bats overwintering（过冬） at Bracken Cave instead of heading back to their cold weather quarters in Mexico． Overwintering is a sign that warmer temperatures change the bats" annual rhythms， Rothamsted biologist Phillip Stepanian says．
A separate study of migratory bats in Indiana， published last year， found that temperature variations affected arrival and departure times-likewise hinting at the potential influence of climate change． Joy O'Keefe， a biology professor at Indiana State University and co-author of that study， says early arrival at their summer habitats（栖息地） could expose these bats to cold snaps（寒流）， and they could freeze to death．
Joy O'Keefe and her colleagues also found that changing bat migration times can also clash with rainfall patterns． Many insects that bats eat breed in seasonal lakes and puddles． If the bats arrive too early to benefit from summer rainfall and the resulting abundance of insects， they may struggle to feed their pups（幼崽） or skip reproduction altogether， O'Keefe says． She fears this shift could cause Midwestern bats to decrease toward extinction， which would be bad news for humans． "Declines in bat populations could have severe effects for crop success，" she says， adding that bats also "control significant disease vectors， such as mosquitoes．"
However， scientists are not certain that climate change alone is causing the Bracken Cave bat colony to migrate earlier． They have found a direct link between seasonal temperatures and bird migration， but bats are also influenced by factors such as changes in wind speed and direction． And there are other complications． "Bats are mysterious little animals that move mostly at night and are difficult to observe and track，" Stepanian says． "We have this conceptual picture of what might be happening， but really tying it to the cause is the next step．"



Scientists at Rothamsted Research found that ______ ．

A. bats prefer colder weather
B. bats delay their reproduction
C. warming affects bat migration
D. radar can be used to observe bats

Joy O'Keefe discovered that ______ ．

A. bats are used to living in rainfall seasons
B. bats" earlier migration might harm farming
C. insects" reproduction helps to spread disease
D. insects shortage makes bats reproduce earlier

What does the last paragraph want to tell us？ ______

A. Wind speed and direction affect bats．
B. It is difficult to observe and track bats．
C. Climate change makes bats migrate earlier．
D. Further research on the cause is necessary．

What is the best title for the passage？ ______

A. Bats" habitats
B. Endangered bats
C. Bats" schedule
D. Bats， our good friends

On March 18， 2018， Elaine Herzberg was crossing a road in Tempe， Arizona， when a Volvo SUV hit and killed her． Although she was one of thousands of U．S． pedestrians killed by vehicles every year， one distinctive aspect set her death apart： Nobody was driving that Volvo． A computer was．
Just a couple of months later， a survey by AAA （American Automobile Association） revealed that 73 percent of Americans were too scared to zip around in a totally autonomous ride-a 10 percent increase from a similar poll taken before Herzberg's death． Actually， self-driving cars are already cruising our streets， their spinning lasers and other sensors scanning the world around them． But what makes some of us still so wary of these robotic chauffeurs， and how can they earn our trust？
To understand these questions， it first helps to consider what psychologists call the theory of mind． Put simply， it's the recognition that other people have brains in their heads that are busy thinking， just like ours （usually） are． The theory comes in handy on the road． Before we venture into a crosswalk， we might first make eye contact with a driver and then think， He sees me， so I'm safe， or He doesn't， so I'm not． It's a technique we likely use more than we realize， both behind the wheel and on our feet． But you can't make eye contact with an algorithm（计算程序）． When a car is in self-driving mode， the computer's in charge． "We're going to have to learn a theory of the machine mind，" says Azim Shariff， a professor of psychology at the University of British Columbia． What that means in practice is that self-driving cars will need to provide clear signals-and not just turn signals-to let the public know what that machine mind is planning．
However， that doesn't mean we want it to mimic exactly how humans think and act while driving． In fact， the promise of traveling by autonomous car is that silicon brains won't do dumb things such as text and drive， or drink and drive， or rocket down the highway while upset after a breakup． （Cars don't date．） "I believe that they have the potential to be safer than regular cars，" says Marjory S． Blumenthal， a senior policy analyst at the RAND Corporation． But she says there's not enough good data yet to know for sure．
One practical way to create a reputation for safety is to start slow． The University of Michigan's pair of self-driving shuttles go just 12 miles per hour． Huei Peng， a professor of mechanical engineering， says the research team behind the project is building trust by not asking too much： The predetermined route is just about a mile long， so they're not exactly speeding down a highway in the snow． "We're trying to push the envelope but in a very careful way，" Peng says．
Indeed， the public isn't homogeneous， says Raj Rajkumar， who directs the Metro21． He notices three categories of potential users： tech skeptics， early adopters， and people who are stressed by driving． The early adopters will buy in first， followed by the folks who just dislike driving， and then finally the skeptics， he argues． "So it's a long process．" Trust grows like a self-driving shuttle drives： slowly．



What did the survey by AAA show？ ______

A. The wide use of self-driving cars．
B. The growing doubts on self-driving cars．
C. The urgent need for laws on self-driving cars．
D. The rapid rise of deaths caused by self-driving cars．

The theory of mind is mentioned to show ______ ．

A. human mind makes driving easier
B. communication takes away drivers" attention
C. communicative skills can be improved by practice
D. self-driving cars are not as safe for their machine mind

Paragraph 4 wants to tell us that self-driving cars ______ ．

A. will replace regular cars
B. couldn't act like humans
C. could be safer than regular cars
D. should learn to think like humans

What is the author's attitude towards the future development of self-driving cars？ ______

A. Cautious but optimistic．
B. Puzzled but hopeful．
C. Concerned but pessimistic．
D. Skeptical but interested．

Five years ago，when I taught art at a school in Seattle，I used Tinkertoys as a test at the beginning of a term to find out something about my students．I put a small set of Tinkertoys in front of each student，and said："Make something out of the Tinkertoys．You have 45 minutes today and 45 minutes each day for the rest of the week．"A few students hesitated to start．They waited to see the rest of the class would do．Several others checked the instructions and made something according to one of the model plans provided．Another group built something out of their own imaginations．
Once I had a boy who worked experimentally with Tinkertoys in his free time．His constructions filled a shelf in the art classroom and a good part of his bedroom at home．I was delighted at the presence of such a student．Here was an exceptionally creative mind at work．His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect（感染） other students．
Encouraging this kind of thinking has a downside．I ran the risk of losing those students who had a different style of thinking．Without fail one would declare，"But I'm just not creative．"
"Do you dream at night when you're asleep？"
"Oh，sure．"
"So tell me one of your most interesting dreams．"The student would tell something wildly imaginative．Flying in the sky or in a time machine or growing three heads．"That's pretty creative．Who does that for you？"
"Nobody．I do it．"
"Really-at night，when you're asleep？"
"Sure．"
"Try doing it in the daytime，in class，okay？"



The teacher used Tinkertoys in class in order to ______ ．

A. know more about the students
B. make the lessons more exciting
C. raise the students'interest in art
D. teach the students about toy design

What do we know about the boy mentioned in Paragraph 3？ ______

A. He liked to help his teacher．
B. He preferred to study alone．
C. He was active in class．
D. He was imaginative．

What does the underlined word"downside"in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ ______

A. Mistake．
B. Disadvantage．
C. Difficulty．
D. Burden．

Why did the teacher ask the students to talk about their dreams？ ______

A. To help them to see their creativity．
B. To find out about their sleeping habits．
C. To help them to improve their memory．
D. To find out about their ways of thinking．