选择知识点

(2016•山东)
　　Even in early times, people could realize the importance of dreams and knew that dreams gave meaning to life. Every great achievement(成就)has been the result of years of dreaming. If a person has a dream and holds fast to it, he or she will find a way to bring it into reality(现实).
　　Children do not have much experience or knowledge. However, they are natural dreamers. We should not laugh at then for their being naïve. With their rich imagination, they will come up with fantastic dreams. History is full of examples. Many great men were dreamers when they were children. One such dreamer was Thomas Edison. He used to be laughed at when he was in primary school, but his achievements were greater than anyone else’s in his time.
　　Teenagers and young people should also be encouraged to dream. They dreamt big and their dreams changed their lives and even the world. The world is full of successful teenagers and young people. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are the good examples. They have developed technology and brought great progress to human besides making money for themselves.
　　Older people should believe that it is never too late to dream and that human mind is never too old to make dreams turn into reality. Colonel Sanders realized his dreams at the age of 67 and set up the biggest fried chicken company(KFC) in the world.
　　No one is too young or too old to dream and to make dreams come ture.
(1) People could probably realize their dreams if          .
A. they get the meaning of life B. they have very good school results
C. they dream and hold fast to them D. they find a way to dream
(2) What’s the meaning of the underlined word “naive” in the passage?
A.幼稚的 B.积极地 C.幽默的 D.聪明的
(3) Why should teenagers and young people be encouraged to dream?
A. Because their dreams are natural.
B. Because they are greater than anyone else.
C. Because they have much knowledge.
D. Because their dreams might change the world.
(4) What can we learn from the example of Colonel Sanders?
A. Developing technology can bring great progress.
B. Even older people can make their dreams come true.
C. People should be brave enough to dream when they are young.
D. Setting up a big company is a wonderful ability.
(5) The best title for the passage is “          ”.
A. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates B. Achievements in History
C. From Dream to Reality D.A List of Successful Dreamers

A

Although Paris is often considered the city of romance， close to a million adults who call it home are single. Many single people say that France’s capital is one of the most difficult places to meet people. The complaints of this lonely group have inspired a new phenomenon known as “supermarket dating.” At Galerie Lafayette Gourmet，singles can shop for more than just the items on their grocery list. They can look for someone who has blue eyes， brown hair，and is 1.8 meters tall，or whatever may be on their romantic shopping list.

At this Paris location，single people of all ages can schedule their shopping for Thursday nights between 6:30 and 9:00 p.m. When they walk through the door，they pick up a purple basket to advise that they are looking for love. They try to arrive early because the baskets disappear quickly, and then they have to wait in line for their turn to wander the store aisles(过道).

With purple baskets in hand， shoppers can consider their romantic options while they pick out their groceries. When they are ready to pay， they can go to the checkout line for singles who want to chat.

Most of the people who look for love in the supermarket are skeptical of Internet dating. They know that it is easy to embellish（美化）one’s appearance or to lie about one’s age over the Internet. The supermarket， on the other hand，is considered a safe and casual environment in which to meet a potential match. In addition， what one finds in another’s grocery basket can say a thing or two about that person’s character or intentions. Buying pet food can be a man’s way of showing a potential match that he has a sensitive side. Women who fill their baskets with low-fat food show their healthy style of living. These ways it’s possible to find much more than food at a grocery store.

1.Why do many single people in Paris complain?

A. It is the city lacking of romance

B. It’s difficult to meet people there.

C. There are few choices for them.

D.It’s inconvenient to shop.

2.What can be inferred in the second paragraph?

A. The dating supermarket is located in Paris.

B. The dating supermarket is open only on Thursday evenings.

C. The dating supermarket has very good business.

D. People looking for love must get a basket of a particular color.

3.According to the writer，a man who_____can win a woman’s heart.

A. buy pet food

B. buy low-fat food

C. embellish his appearance

D. pick up a purple basket

4.Why don't  the people like Internet dating?

A. Internet dating is not convenient.

B. Internet dating is too casual.

C. Internet dating can’t be trusted.

D. Internet dating dating is too expensive.

 

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.
Youth sport has the potential to accomplish three important objectives in children’s development. First, sport programs can provide youth with opportunities to be physically active, which can lead to improved physical health. Second, youth sport programs have long been considered important to youth’s psychosocial development, providing opportunities to learn important life skills such as cooperation, discipline, leadership, and self-control. Third, youth-sport programs are critical for the learning of motor skills(运动技能); these motor skills serve as a foundation for future national sport stars and recreational adult-sport participants. When coachers develop activities for youth practices and when sport organizations design youth-sport programs, they must consider the implication of deliberate play and deliberate practice.
Research from Telama（2006）states that regular participation in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities during childhood and youth（ages nine to eighteen） increases the likelihood of participation in sports during adulthood by six times for both males and females. Côté（2002） defines deliberate play activities in sport as those designed to maximize enjoyment. These activities are regulated by flexible rules adapted from standardized sport rules and are set up by the children or by an involved adult. Children typically change rules to find a point where their game is similar to the actual sport but still allows for play at their level. For example, children may change soccer and basketball rules to suit their needs and environment（e.g. in the street, on a playing field or in someone’s backyard）. When involved in deliberate play activities, children are less concerned with the outcome of their behavior（whether they win or lose）than with the behavior. （having fun）.
On the other hand, Ericsson（1993）suggests that the most effective learning occurs through involvement in highly structured activities defined as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice activities require effort, produce no immediate rewards, and are motivated by the goal of improving performance rather than the goal of enjoyment. When individuals are involved in deliberate play, they experiment with new or different combinations of behaviors, but not necessarily in the most effective way to improve performance. In contrast, when individuals are involved in deliberate practice, they exhibit behavior. focused on improving performance by the most effective means available. For example, the backhand skills in tennis could be learned and improved over time by playing matches or by creating fun practice situations. However, players could more effectively improve their backhand performance by practicing drills that might be considered less enjoyable. Although drills used in deliberate practice might not be the most enjoyable, they might be the most relevant to improving performance.
（Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS）
78. Besides the learning of motor skills, what are the other two important objectives of youth sport?
79. If children participate in deliberate play or deliberate practice activities, they are more likely to________________.
80. In deliberate play activities, what do children do to maximize enjoyment?
81. In contrast to deliberate play, deliberate practice is aimed at____________.

Below are some tips for women traveling alone.
Exercise hotel safety
There are many ways you can make a solo stay at a hotel safer. At cheek-in, you might consider asking for a room near the elevator so you won’t need to walk down long, potentially ill-lit hallways to reach your room. When filling out guest registration forms， consider using your first initial instead of your name, and skip the“ Mrs/Miss/Mr” check box. Additionally, make sure the clerk writes down your room number instead of saying it out loud. This will prevent anyone nearby from knowing where to find you later.
Arrive during the day
Arrive in new cities during the day. Areas around bus and train stations can be scary and/ojr deserted, and small towns tend to shut down early. Veteran solo traveler Mara Rothman of San Francisco notes that plenty of beautiful towns can appear mysterious at night, and locals who are genuinely trying to help you can appear unnecessarily threatening. Arriving during the day means you'll be able to find a place to stay and get to know where you are before dark.
Keep your documents safe
If you choose to wear a money belt, use it for storage and not as a purse. Constantly reaching under your shirt for money draws attention to it, and tends to defeat the purpose. Instead，keep your passport, extra stores of money, and other important documents well hidden, and use a bag or purse for carrying daily spending money.
Dress appropriately
To avoid attracting unwanted attention, dress as conservatively as the women you see around you. This doesn’t necessarily mean wearing the traditional dress, as that can sometimes have the opposite result. A good rule of thumb is to dress modestly. Think knee-length or longer skirts. Bare arms, shoulders, and legs are considered risked in some countries, so do the research before you go and once you’re there. Note which body parts the local women cover and do the same.
Know when to make friends
Traveling alone doesn’t always mean being alone. There are plenty of situations in which seeking out company can make for a safer and more enjoyable experience. Smaller hotels and hostels are great places to find like- minded travelers to explore new places with. In some countries, there are women-only sections in trains and women’s waiting rooms at train stations. Sticking close to families on public transportation and in unfamiliar public markets and bazaars is another technique some women use.
Show confidence to a great extent
Whether you’re on a street at home or 7 ,000 miles away, walking confidently and with direction is an effective technique for deterring unwanted attention, since appearing lost or confused can make you weak and easily damaged. If you are lost，walk into a shop or restaurant and ask for directions there. Try to avoid obviously looking at maps while you’re in the street. Study your route before you go, or find one of those wallet-sized maps that you can carefully palm and refer to secretly.
Use common sense
Using common sense is perhaps the single best tip for staying safe and having a good time while you，re traveling alone. This category includes the usual recommendations: don’t walk around late at night , don’t drink with strange men，don’t ride in empty compartments on trains, don’t compromise safety to save a few bucks on a hotel or transportation, and know how to use a pay phone.
46.              The main purpose of the passage is to tell women_____.
A. where to travel alone    B. how to make a safe and enjoyable trip  
C. what to read on travel   D. how to meet new people when traveling
47.Mara Rothman，s notes are mentioned in order to_____.
A. build up her reputation              B. show admiration for her.
C. compare the experience D. make the tip convincing
48. To avoid being damaged, a woman traveling alone should _____.
A. stay away from the crowds    B. use a money belt rather than a bag
C. wear the traditional dress     D. find like-minded travelers for company
49. Which is the safest way for a woman when she gets lost along the way?
A. Keeping the important documents well hidden.
B. Looking at maps when she is in the street.
C. Asking the way in a store or in a restaurant.
D. Finding a place to stay and get her bearings before dark.

As we know，there are differences between western culture and Chinese culture．We can see differences when we pay attention to the way words are used．Let's look at the words about animals and plants．Most expressions in Chinese about the dog，for example，"a homeless dog"，"a mad dog"，"a running dog"and"a dog catching a mouse"，have negative meanings．But in western countries，dogs are thought to be honest and good friends of humans．In English，people use the dog to describe positive actions．For example，"you are a lucky dog"means you are a lucky person．And"every dog has its day"means each person has good luck sometimes．To describe a person's serious illness，they say"sick as a dog"．The word"dog-tired"means very tired．However，Chinese love cats very much．But in western culture，"cat"is often used to describe a woman who is cruel．There are many other examples of how"cat"is used differently as well．
The rose is regarded as a symbol of love in both China and some western countries．People think the rose stands for love，peace，courage and friendship．And the rose is the national flower of England，America and many other countries．
The words about plants and animals are used in positive or negative ways in different cultures．We can learn about many differences in cultures by comparing how some words are used．



(1) "Every dog has its day．"Means" ______ "．

A. Everybody in the world is lucky．
B. Each person lives his own way of life．
C. Everybody has a time in life to be lucky．
D. If one works hard，he's sure to succeed．

(2) Western people usually use"cat"to refer to" ______ "．

A. an unkind woman
B. a brave man
C. a homeless person
D. a tired person

(3) Which of the following is true according to the passage？ ______

A. Chinese people prefer dogs to cats．
B. Words show differences in culture．
C. Western people think cats to be good friends．
D. Rose is the national flower of all western countries．

(4) What's the best title for the passage？ ______

A. Negative and Positive Words
B. What Dog and Cat Mean in English and Chinese
C. Rose Means the Same in Chinese and English
D. Different Countries Have Different Culture．

D

She almost did not run. Christine Williams admits that now. She could barely put one foot after another following the wake(守灵) for her sister, who had died in an automobile accident. But she did run. With the cheers of friends and strangers reaching her heart, Williams set a C.W. Post record in Boston. Now she will run again, in the national Division II cross-country championships in Evansville, Ind. She wanted to be sure she was doing the right thing by running. She was the middle of three sisters, between Kerry, who is 25, and Jennifer, who was 18.

Just going through any motions was hard enough, but Christine Williams wanted to know if she should put on her uniform and her shoes and run through the woods on an autumn afternoon, in the awful gaping time between her sister’s wake and her funeral. “I kind of got upset beforehand.” Williams admitted. Not a chatterbox under normal conditions, she now holds herself the best way she can, the fewer words the better. She almost walked away from the start line. But her friend Angela Toscano, who had flown up to Boston with her, directly from the wake, was standing near the line and talked her through it. “She said my sister would have wanted me to run.” Christine said. And that was enough to get her started.

The accident happened just after midnight on Nov, 4. Four young women were driving in an unfamiliar area of Long Island in Eastport, N.Y., when one of them apparently ran a yield sign, and the car was hit by another vehicle. Heather Brownrigg and Jennifer Williams died, and their friends April Brown and Kaci Moran were treated at a hospital and released.

The crash made the papers. April Brown was charged with drunken driving and driving without a license.

The wake began on Nov. 6. The next day Christine was to run with the Post cross-country team at the regional meet. Rich Degnan, the Post coach,"and Post officials offered a car service and tickets on the last flight-to Boston for Christine and Toscano. When they arrived at the hotel, the entire team was waiting up for her.

Everybody knew about it at the regional meet. Degnan had to arrange for the flexibility of an alternate, just in case Christine could not go. Several times during the race, Christine felt she could not continue. But then she heard her friends and all those other people, those strangers from other colleges, calling her name. She thought about Jennifer. And she ran. She finished fourth in 22 minutes 58 seconds, breaking the Post record for the 6-kilometer distance by 15 seconds. And although the Post team didn’t qualify for the nationals, Christine did.

1. What does the underlined sentence in paragragh 2 “Not a chatterbox under normal conditions” mean?

A.She is a person of few words noramlly.

B.She likes chatting under normal conditions.

C.She isn’t under normal conditions.

D. She doesn’t like running while chatting.

2.Christine’s Post team did the following for her EXCEPT ____________.

A. offering car service and flight tickets to Boston.

B. arranging for a substitute for her beforehand.

C. cheering for her during the race.

D. taking care of her food and uniforms.

3.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Christine flew to Boston after her sister’s funeral.

B. Christine’s two sisters were killed in the accident.

C. Christine’s athletic performance stood out in the race.

D. Christine broke the Post record in national meet in Boston.

4.【原创】Put the sentence in the right order.

a. Angela Toscano flew to Boston.

b. Christine run at the regional meet.

c. Christine broke the record.

d. Four young women were driving in an unfamiliar area of Long Island.

e. the Post team flew to Boston.

A.d e a, b c    B. b a d c e,

C. e c d a, b   D. a, b c e d