选择知识点

Du Fu， the famous Tang Dynasty poet， is getting the business these days． In response to the 1，300th anniversary of the poet's birth， the meme， "Du Fu is busy，" is spreading through the Internet and turning the iconic poet into a figure of fun．
A meme is a cultural phenomenon． It's an idea or image that somehow strikes a chord with Internet users and prompts them to comment on it， change it， or use it in different situations． In Du's case， the meme is a picture of the poet taken from a textbook． The picture shows a very serious Du sitting on a rock， clothed in loose robes． His chin is pointed resolutely upward and his eyes gaze calmly into the distance． It is a picture of a man with a great mind and a heroic spirit．
That image is changed in the meme． Du Fu is now seen holding a gun or listening to an iPod or dressed as a Japanese cartoon character． In today's world， it seems fewer people respect great minds or heroic spirits．
This is sad because it means we are losing our sense of idealism． Du Fu led a life of poverty and humiliation． I visited his thatched cottage in Chengdu and imagined the hardship he endured： the loneliness， the cold， and the hunger． Yet， hardship didn't kill his spirit， and his great poetry reflects his inner strength．
Internet users may find that giving Du Fu the business is entertaining， but it cannot diminish his greatness． And that enduring image of greatness is the one that truly matters．



Which expression can be used to replace the underlined part in Para． 1？ ______

A. getting along very well with his business
B. getting busier and busier
C. becoming a successful businessman
D. being made to look foolish

Which of the following pictures is mentioned in the passage？ ______

A.
B.
C.
D.

What's the main idea of the passage？ ______

A. Meme is more and more popular．
B. Du Fu is no longer a famous poet．
C. Du Fu is getting the business．
D. Du Fu has become a new hero．

Culture is one of the most challenging elements of the international marketplace． This system of learned behavior patterns characteristic of the members of a given society is constantly shaped by a set of dynamic variables： language， religion， values and attitudes， manners and customs， aesthetics， technology， education， and social institutions． To cope with this system， an international manager needs both factual and interpretive knowledge of culture． To some extent， the factual knowledge can be learned； its interpretation comes only through experience．
The most complicated problems in dealing with the cultural environment lie in the fact that one cannot learn culture-one has to live it． Two schools of thought exist in the business world on how to deal with cultural diversity． One is that business is business the world around， following the model of Pepsi and McDonald's． In some cases， globalization is a fact of life； however， cultural differences are still far from converging （会合）．
The other school proposes that companies must adapt business approaches to individual cultures． Setting up policies and procedures in each country has been compared to an organ transplant； the critical question centers around acceptance or rejection． The major challenge to the international manager is to make sure that rejection is not a result of cultural myopia（近视） or even blindness．
Fortune examined the international performance of a dozen large companies that earn 20 percent or more of their revenue overseas． The internationally successful companies all share an important quality： patience． They have not rushed into situations but rather built their operations carefully by following the most basic business principles． These principles are to know your adversary（对手）， know your audience， and know your customer．



According to the passage， which of the following is true？ ______

A. All international managers can learn culture．
B. Business diversity is not necessary．
C. Views differ on how to treat culture in business world．
D. Most people do not know foreign culture well．

According to the author， the model of Pepsi ______ ．

A. is in line with the theories that the business is business the world around
B. is different from the model of McDonald's
C. shows the reverse of globalization
D. has converged cultural differences

The two schools of thought ______ ．

A. both propose that companies should adapt business approaches to individual cultures
B. both advocate that different policies be set up in different countries
C. both admit the existence of cultural diversity in business world
D. both A and B

This article is supposed to be most useful for those ______ ．

A. who are interested in researching the topic of cultural diversity
B. who have connections to more than one type of culture
C. who want to travel abroad
D. who want to run business on International Scale

The longest bull run in a century of art-market history ended on a dramatic note with a sale of 56 works by Damien Hirst， Beautiful Inside My Head Forever， at Sotheby's in London on September 15th 2008． All but two pieces sold， fetching more than ￡70m， a record for a sale by a single artist． It was a last victory． As the auctioneer called out bids， in New York one of the oldest banks on Wall Street， Lehman Brothers， filed for bankruptcy， starting the most severe financial crisis since the 1920s．
The world art market had already been losing momentum（势头） for a while after rising confusingly since 2003． At its peak in 2007 it was worth some ＄65billion， thinks Clare McAndrew， founder of Arts Economics， a research firm - double the figure five years earlier． Since then it may have come down to ＄50 billion． But the market generates interest far beyond its size because it brings together great wealth， enormous egos（自负）， greed， passion and controversy in a way matched by few other industries．
In the weeks and months that followed Mr． Hirst's sale， spending of any sort became deeply unfashionable． In the art world that meant collectors stayed away from galleries and salerooms． Sales of contemporary art fell by two-thirds， and in the most overheated sector， they were down by nearly 90% in the year to November 2008． Within weeks the world's two biggest auction houses， Sotheby's and Christie's， had to pay out nearly ＄200m in guarantees to clients who had placed works for sale with them．
The current downturn in the art market is the worst since the Japanese stopped buying Impressionists at the end of 1989． This time experts suppose that prices are about 40% down on their peak on average， though some have been far more volatile （动荡的）． But Edward Dolman， Christie's chief executive， says， "I'm pretty confident we're at the bottom．"
What makes this fall different from the last， he says， is that there are still buyers in the market， while in the early 1990s， when interest rates were high， there was no demand even though many collectors wanted to sell． Christie's earnings in the first half of 2009 were still higher than in the first half of 2006． Almost everyone who was interviewed for this special report said that the biggest problem at the moment is not a lack of demand but a lack of good work to sell． The three Ds - death， debt and divorce - still deliver works of art to the market． But anyone who does not have to sell is keeping away， waiting for confidence to return．



In the first paragraph， Damien Hirst's sale was referred to as "a last victory" because ______ ．

A. the art market had witnessed a succession of victories
B. the auctioneer finally got the two pieces at the highest bids
C. Beautiful inside My Head Forever won over all masterpieces
D. it was successfully made just before the world financial crisis

What do we learn about the art market from the passage？ ______

A. Nobody has confidence in the future of the art market．
B. The art market surpassed many other industries in momentum．
C. The art market generally went downward in various ways．
D. Sales of contemporary art rose dramatically from 2007 to 2008．

The three Ds mentioned in the last paragraph are ______ ．

A. auction houses" favorites
B. contemporary trends
C. factors promoting artwork circulation
D. styles representing impressionists

What is mainly discussed in the passage？ ______

A. Art market in decline．
B. Up-to-date art auctions．
C. Volatility of art prices．
D. Shifted interest in arts．

[Washington， 16 April 2009] President Barack Obama wants the United State to join other industrialized countries in having an extensive high-speed rail system． The president has announced his plan to accelerate the development of high-speed rail in the U．S．
President Obama says high-speed rail could do for America what it is already doing for other countries， including China and Spain． "A high-speed line between Madrid and Seville is so successful that more people travel between those cities by rail than by car and airplane combined． China， where service began just two years ago， may have more miles of high-speed rail service than any other country just five years from now，" he said．
High-speed rail only serves America's Northeast corridor， between Washington， D．C． and Boston， Massachusetts． But plans are under way to extend the rapid movement to other areas of the country．
Before leaving for Latin America， Mr． Obama outlined his two-part strategy for accelerating those plans． "Improving our existing rail lines， to make current train service faster， but also identifying potential corridors for the creation of world-class high-speed rail，" he said．
Congress included ﹩8 billion for rail development in the economic stimulus（刺激）legislation it passed in February．Mr．Obamais including another﹩5 billion for high-speed rail in his federal budget． High-speed rail has had mixed political support in the past． But President Obama says it could strengthen the US． economy， in addition to improving the country's transportation system． He says the United States should not be left behind while other nations are moving ahead with high-speed rail．
"So it is being done． It is just not being done here． There is no reason why we cannot do this． This is America． There is no reason why the future of travel should lie somewhere else， beyond our borders，" he said．
The president was joined at the announcement by Vice President Joe Biden， who， in 35 years at a U．S． Senator， is said to have taken almost 8.000 rail trips between Washington and his home in Willington， Delaware．



In Spain， more people would ______ if they traveled from Madrid to Seville．

A. take the rail
B. drive their cars
C. go by air
D. ride their bikes

Which of the following is true to the passage？ ______

A. High-speed rail is doing a lot for America．
B. High-speed rail is already doing much for Spain．
C. Now China has many more miles of high-speed rail service than any other country．
D. President Obama wants to change the situation that America has no high-speed rail service．

Obama's plans of extensive high-speed rail system include the following except ______ ．

A. improving America's existing rail line
B. creating its high-speed rail system of world class
C. making its current train service faster
D. strengthening America's economy

When Obama announced this plan， Vice President Joe Biden ______ ．

A. had taken his trip back home in Wilmington， Delaware
B. was leaving for Latin America
C. was on holiday in Boston， Massachusetts
D. was right present in Washington

The other night， just before retiring， I emptied my pockets onto my bed． Things poured out： keys， loose change， wallet， comb， cell phone， handkerchief， notepad， checkbook， an empty film canister， a pen， an unimportant note to myself， and a stray button I'd been carrying around for months as a reminder to find the garment to which it belonged．
I stood staring down at the pile， wondering， with woe， how life- or my pockets， at least - came to be so filled． I recall remarking to a friend that the biggest difference between being an adult and a child was that， as a kid， my pockets were pretty much empty． And with good reason： I had no money and therefore no wallet． I didn't comb my own hair （that was my mother's job）， and I certainly never wrote notes to myself． As for a handkerchief， why would I need one when I had two ample sleeves？ And buttons？ Well， when they popped off， they popped off．
Although my sons" pockets are mostly unremarkable， I always find more fertile ground in their school backpacks， which serve as a sort of information packets for communication between their teachers and me． Early on I discovered- in an alarming manner-the importance of checking those backpacks every day． Once when my older boy was in second grade， I went searching through his papers． In the midst of notes about the lunch menu， overdue library books， and the promise of a new method of teaching math， I found a brief， neatly printed essay whose post sharp passage was， "I love my dad， even though he beats me all the time．"
I was immediately on my feet． "Alyosha!" I called． "I need to talk to you!"
When he came into the room， he stood before me， smiling angelically． With as much calm as I could show， I cleared my throat and presented the essay to him． "Did you write this？"
He looked it over and nodded．
"How could you write such a tiling？" I said． "You know 1never beat you．"
His response was matter-of-fact． "Sure you do， Dad，" he said． "Every time we play checkers， you beat me．"
After explaining the two meanings of the word， I asked if his teacher had seen the essay． "No，" he said， "It's due tomorrow．"
Needless to say， I used my executive privilege to leave out that particular assignment and became doubly alarmed about checking his backpack from that day on．
When I look back on my own days of empty pockets， I am able to trace a smooth line of acquisition： a comb arrived by fifth grade； my own set of house keys came in middle school； the wallet appeared in high school； at some point a handkerchief took the place of shirtsleeves…And now， here I am， in a state of arrest， my pockets packed so full I can barely sit comfortably．



The best title of this passage is ______ ．

A. Life Filled With Pockets
B. As My Life Expands， My Pocket Fill
C. Pockets And Backpacks
D. Pockets Are Full Of Life

The underlined part fertile ground in the third paragraph most probably means ______ ．

A. poor soil
B. huge field
C. rich contents
D. sports things

By writing this passage， the author intends to suggest that ______ ．

A. his childhood life is poor while his adult life is richer
B. it's important to check children's backpack
C. children's pockets carry more things than adults" pockets
D. childhood life is simple and happy while adults" life is filled with much complex

Music Opera at Music Hall： 1243 Elm Street． The season runs June through August， with additional performances in March and September． The Opera honors Enjoy the Arts membership discounts． Phone： 241-2742．
http://www．cityopera．com．
Chamber Orchestra： The Orchestra plays at Memorial Hall at 1406 Elm Street， which offers several concerts from March through June． Call 723-1182 for more information．
http： ∥www．chamberorch．com．
Symphony Orchestra： At Music Hall and Riverbend． For ticket sales， call 381-3300． Regular season runs September through May at Music Hall in summer at Riverbend．
http://www．symphony．org/home．asp．
College Conservatory of Music （CCM）： Performances are on the main campus（校园） of the university， usually at Patricia Cobbett Theater． CCM organizes a variety of events， including performances by the well-known LaSalle Quartet， CCM's Philharmonic Orchestra， and various groups of musicians presenting Baroque through modern music． Students with I．D． cards can attend the events for free． A free schedule of events for each term is available by calling the box office at 556-4183．
http://www．ccm．uc．edu/events/calendar．
Riverbend Music Theater： 6295 Kellogg Ave． Large outdoor theater with the closest seats under cover （price difference）． Big name shows all summer long! Phone： 232-6220．
http://www．riverbendmusic．com．



When can you go to see an opera？ ______

A. In February
B. In May
C. In December
D. In September

Which website should you visit if you want to learn about Chamber Orchestra？ ______

A. http://www．riverbendmusic．com．
B. http： ∥www．chamberorch．com．
C. http://www．cityopera．com．
D. http://www．ccm．uc．edu/events/calendar．

Where can people get free schedule of events？ ______

A. Patricia Cobbett Theater．
B. Music Hall．
C. Riverbend Music Theater．
D. Memorial Hall．

Which of the following present famous musical works？ ______

A. College Conservatory of Music & Symphony Orchestra
B. Opera & Riverbend Music
C. College Conservatory of Music & Riverbend Music
D. Chamber Orchestra & Opera

Top branded perfumes come in tiny bottles，but many hide a whale sized secret．
To perfect a particular smell，perfume makers often use an ingredient that comes from sperm whales （抹香鲸），called ambergris．But using ambergris，which helps a perfume last longer，is strongly opposed by many people who think it is wrong to kill whales just so we can smell sweet．Joerg Bohlmann is neither a perfumer nor a whale expert．He's a plant biologist at the University of British Columbia in Canada．But his discovery of a new plant gene might push whales out of the perfume business．
The gene comes from fir trees，found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees．The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergris-but with a catch．
"There's a problem that many people wouldn't consider．In the tree，the chemical is mixed with many others．That makes separation a challenge"Bohlmann says．"It's like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit．"
This is where science becomes useful．When Bohlmann learned that fir trees produce the ambergris-like chemical，he decided to use his gene know-how to find the instructions for how to make the ambergris substitute．
Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells．Then he did something that might sound strange to someone who doesn't work in genetics：Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast （酵母） cells．
Yeast may sound familiar because it's used to make things like bread，wine and beer．Biologists like to work with yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behavior．When Bohlmann put the fir tree gene into the yeast，the yeast started making the same chemical that had been produced by the tree．
Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative，which means it holds a smell in place on a person's body．
"Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything is gone，"explains Bohlmann．"But expensive perfumes are much more stable．Their smell lasts much longer，for hours or even a day after you apply them．"
The new chemical，made from the tree genes，can be used as a fixative，too．And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris．
Bohlmann admits he never thought he'd get into the perfume business．But now，he says，producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in new perfumes．



It can be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris， ______ ．

A. it is probably very expensive
B. its smell will last for about an hour
C. there will be a whale symbol on the bottle
D. its user probably supports whale hunting

The underlined expression"with a catch"in Paragraph 3means ______ ．

A. being difficult to hold
B. being too similar
C. needing further testing
D. having a hidden problem

According to the passage，why are yeast cells often used in genetic research？ ______

A. They share some of the qualities of plant genes．
B. They can take on the characteristics of other genes．
C. They can reproduce much faster than other cells．
D. They're much cheaper to use than ambergris．

What is the best title for the passage？ ______

A. The Christmas tree's secret．
B. The sweet smell of success．
C. Whale free perfume．
D. Save the whale．

China is a land of bicycles．At least it was back in 1992 when I traveled the country．Back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle．Millions of them，all black．Cars were rare．Yet since my arrival in Beijing last year，I've found the opposite is true．There are millions of cars．However，people still use their bicycles to get around．For many，it's the easiest and cheapest way to travel today．Bicycles also come in different colors-silver，green，red，blue，yellow，whatever you want．
It's fun watching people biking．They rush quickly through crossroads，move skillfully through traffic，and ride even on sidewalks（人行道）．Bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just can't provide．
Eager to be part of this aspect of Chinese culture，I decided to buy a bicycle．Great weather accompanied（陪伴） my great buy．I immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home．
My first ride home was orderly（守秩序的）．To be safe，I stayed with a"pack"of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times．I didn't want to get hit．So I took the ride carefully．Crossing the streets was the biggest problem．It was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the United States．The streets here were wide，so crossing took time，skill and a little bit of luck．
I finally made it home．The feeling on the bicycle was amazing．The air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful．I was sitting on top of the world as I passed by places and people．Biking made me feel alive．



According to the author，why are bicycles still popular in China today？ ______

A. Because they are traditional and safe．
B. Because they are convenient and inexpensive．
C. Because they are colorful and available．
D. Because they are fast and environment friendly．

The author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended ______ ．

A. to ride it for fun
B. to use it for transport
C. to experience local culture
D. to improve his riding skills

How did the author feel about his street crossing？ ______

A. It was boring．
B. It was difficult．
C. It was lively．
D. It was wonderful．

Which of the following best describes the author's biking experience？ ______

A. The author enjoyed showing off his biking skills．
B. The author was annoyed by the air while riding．
C. The author was praised by the other bikers．
D. The author took great pleasure in biking．

On days when there is work， I talk to the other guys． Some of them tell me that the harvest season is coming in northern California， and they say that one can earn good money there． Things haven't gone so badly in the car wash， but one afternoon I give the manager my thanks for having hired and promoted me， and with a little suitcase that night I board a Greyhound headed north． My ticket is made out for San Francisco， but I don't plan to go that far． I plan to ride until I find a place where people are harvesting， and to get off the bus there．
I sleep on the bus for a few hours that night， and in the morning， when I awake， I don't know where we are． I get up from my seat and walk down the bus aisle， looking for a Mexican or Chicano to tell me our location， but strangely enough， I don't see any among the passengers， who are all white-skinned． I pay attention to the road signs we pass， but they are not of much help． I can read the town names， but I don't know where the towns lie． A map would help me， and I decide to buy one at our next stop． Lots of things are for sale at the bus stop's gift shop， but there are no maps． I direct myself towards the shop's operator， but I run into the language barrier． The operator is an Anglo， and when I speak to him in Spanish， he says that he doesn't understand． I try to practice my very precarious （不可靠的） English with him， but it's of no use． I have a rough idea of the sound of the words that I want to say， but I can't pronounce them right． I make signs， signaling a big piece of paper and say "for California，" but he turns into a question mark， with eyes wide open， arms raised and hands extended． "Map，" I say， but I don't pronounce the word very well． "Freeways， streets，" I add， but he still doesn't understand． He points out chewing gum， candies， pieces of cake， sandwiches， soft drinks， and cigarettes， trying to guess what I'm asking for． But he doesn't show me any maps． Finally， I back out of the store， and as I leave I hear him say， "I'm sorry．"
A little before the bus leaves， I run into a Mexican-American in a hallway and I immediately ask him to help me find a map of California． We go back to the store． The Chicano asks for a map． "Ahh! Ahaaa!" the operator exclaims． Then he goes to a corner of his shelves and takes out what I've been asking for． While I am paying him， he talks to the Chicano in a joyful tone． With the map in my hands， I give the Chicano my thanks， and he explains that the store-keeper thinks that I am asking if he needs anybody to clean the floor or "mop．"



The writer decides to leave his job and go to northern California because ______ ．

A. his boss doesn't like him
B. things are going badly in the car wash
C. he thinks he can earn more money there
D. he is tired of his work

The writer wants a map in order to ______ ．

A. find the way to San Francisco
B. help him with the road signs
C. know where he is in relation to the entire trip
D. find his way back to his workplace

From the passage， we can infer that ______ ．

A. the owner of the shop does not want to sell the writer a map
B. the writer doesn't do a good job in the car wash
C. the writer is a migrant （流动的） farm worker
D. the writer is traveling with a friend who can speak English

The writer tries to make himself understood by all the following EXCEPT ______ ．

A. gestures
B. words or phrases
C. pronunciations
D. spelling the word

Yum! Brands Inc， owner of the KFC fast-food chain， said fourth-quarter same-store sales fell more than projected in China as demand was hit by a government investigation into one of its former chicken suppliers．
Industry experts had predicted the negative impact of the probe， which is expected to be felt in the long term．
KFC sales in China in the last two weeks of December were affected by the release of the information associated with the probe into Chinese poultry （家禽） suppliers， the US company said．
China same-store sales fell by 6percent year-on-year in the fourth quarter， compared with a previous estimate （估计） for a decline of 4percent， the filing said．
Shanghai's food safety authority said that tests conducted by a third-party agency from 2010 to 2011 found that chicken supplied to the company by Liuhe Group Co contained too much antibiotics． Yum said it stopped all supplies from Liuhe in August 2012．
The revelation caused heated debate among Chinese consumers． The negative impact will stay for a long time for KFC， which relies heavily on domestic chicken suppliers， said Gao Jianfeng， general manager of the Shanghai-based Bogo Consultants．
With a huge number of restaurants demanding large quantities of chicken - the main substance on their menus - KFC won't be able to rebuild its supply chain in the short term， Gao said．
He added that food safety issues in the Chinese supply chain， from chicken to fodder （草料）， are widespread．
"No single company can preserve its reputation in such an industrial chain，" he said．
An increasing number of fast-food consumers have started to go to other Western chains such as McDonald's or Burger King， he said．
Zhao Ping， a researcher at the Academy of International Trade and Economic Cooperation， said that due to their rising income levels， an increasing number of Chinese people are paying more attention to healthy eating， bringing new attitudes toward foreign fast-food brands and reducing their trust and appreciation of those chains．



The underlined word "probe" in the 2nd paragraph probably means ______ ．

A. analysis
B. investigation
C. charge
D. decline

We can infer from the text that ______ ．

A. there are fewer chicken suppliers in China now
B. with more money Chinese people are turning to foreign fast-food
C. domestic chicken suppliers refuse to supply chicken to KFC
D. foreign fast-food brands are facing crisis of confidence

The best title of the passage would be ______ ．

A. Foreign food， safe food？
B. Business affected worse than expected
C. Foreign fast-food brands are more popular
D. KFC VS MacDonald's