选择知识点

In different countries around the world， most children must start schooling at early ages． And they become "adults" at different ages． Being an adult means having the right to do certain things， such as getting a part-time job， voting （投票） ， getting married， or getting a driving license． It also means accepting the responsibilities that go along with these rights．
In many countries， sixteen or eighteen is the age when a person becomes an adult． Young men and women at this age can get a part-time job， and begin to receive an income of their own． They no longer have to depend on their parents for money all the time． In Canada and America， sixteen is the age when one can get a driving license； in England， it is seventeen．
There are responsibilities that go along with both of these rights． Getting a part-time job means that you have to pay income tax． Driving a car demands that you follow certain rules like buying car insurance．
Voting is another right that young people enjoy when they become adults． In the United States， Canada and Britain， young people have the right to vote at the age of eighteen With this right also comes responsibility． For young people to use their right to vote wisely， they must have an understanding of the needs of society， and they must also learn how politics work．

(1) The underlined word "right" in Paragraph One means " ______ " in Chinese．

A. 正确

B. 右边 C权利 D． 左边

(2) In America and Canada， young people who are ______ can get their driving licenses．

A. at the age of 16	B. at the age of 15
C. at the age of 14	D. at the age of 13

(3) If you drive a car， you have to ______ ．

A. get a part-time job	B. follow certain rules
C. understand society	D. learn politics

(4) Tom is a 17-year-old English boy and he has the rights to ______ ．

A. drive and learn	B. vote and marry
C. drive and vote	D. work and vote

(5) From the passage， we can know that ______ ．

A. sixteen-year olds have all kinds of rights

B. responsibilities need to go along with rights

C. the rules are the same in the UK and the USA

D. children become "adults" at early ages

Whenever we see a button, we are eager to press it because we know something will happen. This is true in most cases, for example on a doorbell and on the “on/off” button on the TV. But some buttons are actually fake, like the “close” button on a lift.

    Many people are in the habit of pressing the “close” button because they don’t have the patience to wait for the lift doors to shut. But lifts’ “lose” buttons are a complete scam（骗局）, at least in the US—the doors will not close any faster no matter how hard you press.

    It started in the 1990s when the Americans with Disabilities Act was passed in the US, making sure that all lifts stayed open long enough so that people with disabilities could enter. Only US firefighters and repairmen can use the buttons to speed up the door-closing process if they have a code or special keys.

    But to normal lift riders, the buttons aren’t completely useless. According to psychologists, fake buttons can actually make you feel better by offering you a sense of control.

    “Perceived（能够感知的）control is very important. It reduces stress and increases wellbeing,” Ellen J. Langer, a psychology professor, said. “Having a lack of control is associated with depression.”

    Experts have revealed that a lot of buttons that don’t do anything exist in our lives for this same purpose. For example, many offices in the US have fake thermostats（温度调节器）because people tend to feel better when they think they can control the temperature in their workspace.

    But psychologists found it interesting that even when people are aware of these little “white lies”, they still continue to push fake buttons because as long as the doors eventually close, it is considered to be worth the effort.

    “That habit is here to stay,” John Kounios, a psychology professor, said. “Even though I have real doubts about the traffic light buttons, I always press them. After all, I’ve got nothing else to do while waiting. So why not press the button in the hope that this one will work?”

(1) What was the author’s main purpose in writing the article?

A. To analyze the functions of fake buttons.

B. To describe some different kinds of fake buttons.

C. To explain the advantages and disadvantages of fake buttons.

D. To explore people’s different habits when it comes to pushing buttons.

(2) In America, the “close” buttons on lifts _______.

A. are fake for the convenience of disabled people

B. work only when people press them hard for a while

C. were specially designed to give people a sense of control

D. cannot speed up the process of closing the door in any case

(3) The underlined part “for this same purpose” in Paragraph 6 refers to _______.

A. making people more patient

B. giving people perceived control

C. helping people to build up confidence

D. making people with depression feel better

(4) According to John Kounios, people who press fake buttons _______.

A. should give up this habit

B. probably do so to kill time

C. consider what they do to be meaningless

D. don’t know that what they press is fake